Exam question 1 · Humiliated in front of everyone: the moment that won't go…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phenomenon designated "the spotlight effect"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, designate · To what, where: phenomenon

This is exam question 1 of lesson 9 «Humiliated in front of everyone: the moment that won't go away» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 phenomenon	det
10	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	designated	designate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 phenomenon	acl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 effect	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 effect	det
14	spotlight	spotlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 effect	compound
15	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 designated	parataxis
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 effect	punct
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the phenomenon	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	designate	participle	the phenomenon not said here		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The condition of being universally admired by one's peers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 condition	det
2	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 admired	mark
4	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 admired	aux:pass
5	universally	universally	ADV	_	6 admired	advmod
6	admired	admire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 condition	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 peers	case
8	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 peers	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 one	case
10	peers	peer	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 admired	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	admire	gerund · passive	one's peers	the condition not said here				universally property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

The tendency to observe the errors of others continuously

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tendency	det
2	tendency	tendency	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 observe	mark
4	observe	observe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 tendency	acl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 errors	det
6	errors	error	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 observe	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 others	case
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 errors	nmod
9	continuously	continuously	ADV	_	4 observe	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	observe	to-infinitive		the errors of others				continuously property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent error=Topic
2	err		others						nom error «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

The practice whereby teachers illuminate misbehaving pupils

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 practice	det
2	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	5 illuminate	advmod
4	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 illuminate	nsubj
5	illuminate	illuminate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 practice	acl:relcl
6	misbehaving	misbehave	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 illuminate	xcomp
7	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 misbehaving	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	illuminate	present	teachers					whereby property	tree rules
2	misbehave	gerund	teachers not said here	pupils					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The belief that one's conduct is observed by others far more than is the case

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 belief	det
2	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 case	nsubj
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 observed	mark
4	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 conduct	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 one	case
6	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 observed	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 observed	aux:pass
8	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 belief	acl:relcl
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 others	case
10	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 observed	obl
11	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 more	advmod
12	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	8 observed	obj
13	than	than	ADP	_	12 more	fixed
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 case	cop
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 case	det
16	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	observe	present · passive	others	one's conduct	tree rules
2	is a	present	the belief	the case	tree rules
3	conduct		one		nom conduct «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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