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Test 9 · ★★★ · Olympiad practice: the hardest cases

Your cousin says, "Ananias died and Peter didn't, so God has favourites." What is a better reading?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, Ananias, Peter, God, better reading · What happens: say, die, not do, have, be · To what, where: favourites · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Olympiad practice: the hardest cases» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your cousin says, "Ananias died and Peter didn't, so God has favourites."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 died	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 died	punct
6	Ananias	Ananias	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 died	nsubj
7	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 did	cc
9	Peter	Peter	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 did	nsubj
10	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 died	conj
11	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 did	advmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 has	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	15 has	advmod
14	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 has	nsubj
15	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
16	favourites	favourite	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 has	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 has	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your cousin						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	die in a quote	past	Ananias						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	not do in a quote	past	Peter						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	have in a quote	present	God	favourites					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favourite=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is a better reading?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 reading	det
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 reading	amod
5	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a better reading						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Bible says nothing about either of them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Bible	det
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 says	obj
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 either	case
6	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	4 nothing	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 them	case
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 either	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the Bible	nothing				about either	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic

Option 2

Peter was richer, so he was saved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Peter	Peter	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 richer	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 richer	cop
3	richer	rich	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 saved	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	8 saved	advmod
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 saved	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saved	aux:pass
8	saved	save	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 richer	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Peter					rich property	tree rules
2	save	past · passive		Peter					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

Ananias was a stranger, so he didn't count

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ananias	Ananias	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 stranger	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 stranger	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 stranger	det
4	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 count	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 count	advmod
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 count	nsubj
8	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 count	aux
9	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 count	advmod
10	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 stranger	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Ananias	a stranger					tree rules
2	not count	past · do-support	Ananias						vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Peter repented after a panicked lie; they planned theirs and stuck to it, though some mystery remains

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Peter	Peter	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 repented	nsubj
2	repented	repent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	ADP	_	6 lie	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lie	det
5	panicked	panic	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 lie	amod
6	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 repented	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 planned	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 planned	nsubj
9	planned	plan	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 repented	parataxis
10	theirs	their	PRON	Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 planned	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 stuck	cc
12	stuck	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 planned	conj
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 stuck	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 remains	punct
16	though	though	SCONJ	_	19 remains	mark
17	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	19 remains	det
18	mystery	mystery	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 remains	compound
19	remains	remains	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 repented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repent	past	Peter	some mystery remains			after a panicked lie		tree rules
2	panic	participle							vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	plan	past	they	theirs = they					vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent their=Topic
4	stick	past	they not said here		lie				vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to it=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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