Exam question 1 · Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of reasons and dilemmas ★★★

Identify which of the following constitutes a reason grounded in need rather than in effort or equality.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, follow, ground · To what, where: reason, need

This is exam question 1 of lesson 103 «Olympiad: fair or unfair, chains of reasons and dilemmas ★★★» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 constitutes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 constitutes	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 constitutes	det
5	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 constitutes	amod
6	constitutes	constitute	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Identify	parataxis
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 reason	det
8	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 constitutes	conj
9	grounded	ground	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 reason	acl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 need	case
11	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 grounded	obl
12	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	15 effort	cc
13	than	than	ADP	_	12 rather	fixed
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 effort	case
15	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 need	conj
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 equality	cc
17	equality	equality	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 effort	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here			vn empathize-88.2 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	ground	participle		a reason not said here	need rather effort or equality	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in need=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The allocation of glasses to the child unable to see the board

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 allocation	det
2	allocation	allocation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 unable	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 glasses	case
4	glasses	glass	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 allocation	nmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 child	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 child	det
7	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 glasses	nmod
8	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 see	mark
10	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 unable	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 board	det
12	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	to-infinitive		the board					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer board=Stimulus
2	allocate			glasses to the child					nom allocation «possession transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The division of the prize into identical parts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 division	det
2	division	division	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 prize	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 prize	det
5	prize	prize	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 division	nmod
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 parts	case
7	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 parts	amod
8	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 division	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The selection of a recipient by the drawing of lots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 selection	det
2	selection	selection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 recipient	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 recipient	det
5	recipient	recipient	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 selection	nmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 drawing	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 drawing	det
8	drawing	drawing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 recipient	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 lots	case
10	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 drawing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select			a recipient by the drawing of lots					nom selection «act transitive»: of=patient
2	draw		lots						nom drawing «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4

The award of the greater part to the hardest worker

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 award	det
2	award	award	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 part	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 part	det
5	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 part	amod
6	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 award	nmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 worker	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 worker	det
9	hardest	hard	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 worker	amod
10	worker	worker	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 part	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	award			the greater part to the hardest worker					nom award «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/103-olympiad-fair-or-unfair-chains-of-reasons-and-dilemmas/e1/