Test 10 · ★ · Easter and Pentecost

A judge asks, «How did a small group of followers become a worldwide church?» Which answer is best reasoned?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: judge, small group · What happens: ask, become, reason · To what, where: worldwide church, answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 19 «Easter and Pentecost» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A judge asks, «How did a small group of followers become a worldwide church?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 judge	det
2	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 asks	nsubj
3	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 become	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 become	punct
6	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	13 become	advmod
7	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 become	aux
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 group	det
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 group	amod
10	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 become	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 followers	case
12	followers	follower	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 group	nmod
13	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 asks	conj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 church	det
15	worldwide	worldwide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 church	amod
16	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 become	xcomp
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 asks	punct
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 asks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	a judge						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	become in a quote	past · do-support	a small group of followers	a worldwide church					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which answer is best reasoned?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 answer	det
2	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reasoned	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reasoned	aux:pass
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 reasoned	amod
5	reasoned	reason	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 reasoned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reason	present · passive		which answer					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Because the Bible says so, and that is the only reason

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	4 says	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Bible	det
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	4 says	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 reason	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 reason	cc
8	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 reason	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 reason	cop
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 reason	det
11	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 reason	amod
12	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the Bible						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	that	the only reason					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They took the Great Commission to heart, travelled and shared their faith

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 took	nsubj
2	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Commission	det
4	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 Commission	amod
5	Commission	commission	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 took	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 heart	mark
7	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 took	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 travelled	punct
9	travelled	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 took	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 shared	cc
11	shared	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 travelled	conj
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 faith	nmod:poss
13	faith	faith	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 shared	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	take	past	They	the Great Commission	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent commission=Theme
2	travel	past	They not said here		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	share	past	They not said here	their faith	tree rules

Option 3

Because no other religions existed at that time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 existed	mark
2	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 religions	det
3	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 religions	amod
4	religions	religion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 existed	nsubj
5	existed	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 time	case
7	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 time	det
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 existed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	past	no other religions				time		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Because a powerful king forced everybody to join the church on the very first day

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 forced	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 king	det
3	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 king	amod
4	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 forced	nsubj
5	forced	force	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 forced	xcomp
7	to	to	PART	_	8 join	mark
8	join	join	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 forced	xcomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 church	det
10	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 join	obj
11	on	on	ADP	_	15 day	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 day	det
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 first	advmod
14	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	15 day	amod
15	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 join	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	force	participle	a powerful king						vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	join	to-infinitive	a powerful king not said here	the church			day		vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent church=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/19-easter-and-pentecost/t10/