Test 8 · Islam
It is Ramadan and your friend Bilal is 6. Must he fast all day?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: It, friend · What happens: be · To what, where: Ramadan, 6
This is test 8 of lesson 31 «Islam» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is Ramadan and your friend Bilal is 6.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 Ramadan | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 Ramadan | cop |
| 3 | Ramadan | Ramadan | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 6 | cc |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 friend | nmod:poss |
| 6 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 6 | nsubj |
| 7 | Bilal | Bilal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 friend | appos |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 6 | cop |
| 9 | 6 | 6 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 Ramadan | conj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ramadan | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | It | Ramadan | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | your friend | 6 | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Must he fast all day?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 fast | aux |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 fast | nsubj |
| 3 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 day | det |
| 5 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fast | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 fast | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1
Yes, but only if his parents are fasting
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 9 fasting | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 fasting | cc |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 9 fasting | advmod |
| 5 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 9 fasting | mark |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 parents | nmod:poss |
| 7 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 fasting | nsubj |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 fasting | aux |
| 9 | fasting | fast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fast | present · progressive | his parents | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
No, young children do not have to fast
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 have | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 children | amod |
| 4 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 have | nsubj |
| 5 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 have | aux |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 have | advmod |
| 7 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 fast | mark |
| 9 | fast | fast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 have | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not have | present · do-support | young children | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | fast | to-infinitive | young children not said here | tree rules |
Option 3
Yes, every Muslim must fast from birth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 fast | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 Muslim | det |
| 4 | Muslim | muslim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fast | nsubj |
| 5 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 fast | aux |
| 6 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 birth | case |
| 8 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fast | obl |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
No, only the imam fasts in Ramadan
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 fasts | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 fasts | punct |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 imam | advmod |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 imam | det |
| 5 | imam | imam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fasts | nsubj |
| 6 | fasts | fast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 Ramadan | case |
| 8 | Ramadan | Ramadan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 fasts | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fast | present | the imam | Ramadan | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/31-islam/t8/