Test 4 · ★★★ · How to argue: counter-arguments and respect The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse." You disagree. What should you do first?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: other team, School, tired children, You · What happens: say, start, learn, disagree, do · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: The other team says: "School should start later because tired children learn worse."
det amod nsubj punct punct nsubj aux ccomp advmod mark amod nsubj advcl xcomp punct punct root The DET other ADJ team NOUN says VERB : PUNCT " PUNCT School NOUN should AUX start VERB later ADV because SCONJ tired ADJ children NOUN learn VERB worse ADJ . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 team det 2 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 3 team amod 3 team team NOUN Number=Sing 4 says nsubj 4 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 4 says punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 9 start punct 7 School school NOUN Number=Sing 9 start nsubj 8 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 start aux 9 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 says ccomp 10 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 9 start advmod 11 because because SCONJ _ 14 learn mark 12 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 13 children amod 13 children child NOUN Number=Plur 14 learn nsubj 14 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 start advcl 15 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 learn xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 start punct 17 " " PUNCT _ 9 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the other team vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 start in a quote should School late property vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 learn in a quote present tired children bad property vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: You disagree.
nsubj punct root You PRON disagree VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 disagree nsubj 2 disagree disagree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 . . PUNCT _ 2 disagree punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 disagree present You vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: What should you do first?
obj aux nsubj advmod punct root What PRON should AUX you PRON do VERB first ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 do obj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 do aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 do nsubj 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 do advmod 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do should you first property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
The options Option 1 Ignore their reason and talk about your own view only
nmod:poss obj cc conj case nmod:poss amod obl advmod root Ignore VERB their PRON reason NOUN and CCONJ talk VERB about ADP your PRON own ADJ view NOUN only ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ignore ignore VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 reason nmod:poss 3 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 1 Ignore obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 talk cc 5 talk talk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Ignore conj 6 about about ADP _ 9 view case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 view nmod:poss 8 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 9 view amod 9 view view NOUN Number=Sing 5 talk obl 10 only only ADV _ 9 view advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ignore imperative you not said here their reason vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme 2 talk infinitive you not said here about your own view vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about view=Topic 3 view your nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Option 2 Say they just want to stay in bed because they are lazy
nsubj advmod ccomp mark xcomp case obl mark nsubj cop advcl root Say VERB they PRON just ADV want VERB to PART stay VERB in ADP bed NOUN because SCONJ they PRON are AUX lazy ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 want nsubj 3 just just ADV _ 4 want advmod 4 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Say ccomp 5 to to PART _ 6 stay mark 6 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 want xcomp 7 in in ADP _ 8 bed case 8 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 6 stay obl 9 because because SCONJ _ 12 lazy mark 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 lazy nsubj 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 lazy cop 12 lazy lazy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stay advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 want present they vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 stay not said to happen to-infinitive they not said here bed vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bed=Location 4 is present they lazy property tree rules
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Say their point fairly in its strongest form, then reply
nmod:poss obj advmod case nmod:poss amod obl punct advmod conj root Say VERB their PRON point NOUN fairly ADV in ADP its PRON strongest ADJ form NOUN , PUNCT then ADV reply VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 point nmod:poss 3 point point NOUN Number=Sing 1 Say obj 4 fairly fairly ADV _ 1 Say advmod 5 in in ADP _ 8 form case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 form nmod:poss 7 strongest strong ADJ Degree=Sup 8 form amod 8 form form NOUN Number=Sing 1 Say obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 reply punct 10 then then ADV PronType=Dem 11 reply advmod 11 reply reply VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Say conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here their point point's strongest form fairly property vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent point=Theme in form=Manner 2 reply speech: assert infinitive you not said here then vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 point their = they nom point «cognition transitive»: poss=agent 4 form point nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Option 4 Say "No it shouldn't" and wait for the judges to decide
nsubj punct discourse nsubj aux advmod punct cc case det obl mark advcl root Say PROPN " PUNCT No INTJ it PRON should AUX n't PART " PUNCT and CCONJ wait VERB for ADP the DET judges NOUN to PART decide VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say Say PROPN Number=Sing 9 wait nsubj 2 " " PUNCT _ 5 should punct 3 No no INTJ Polarity=Neg 5 should discourse 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 should nsubj 5 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 wait aux 6 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 should advmod 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 should punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 wait cc 9 wait wait VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 for for ADP _ 12 judges case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 judges det 12 judges judge NOUN Number=Plur 9 wait obl 13 to to PART _ 14 decide mark 14 decide decide VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 wait advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wait should Say for the judges vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 decide to-infinitive Say not said here vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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