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Test 10 · ★★ · Lifeboat choices

"Last spot on the trip should go to Sam, he's my mate." What weak argument is this?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Last spot, spot, weak argument · What happens: go, be · To what, where: Sam, mate

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 48 «Lifeboat choices» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "Last spot on the trip should go to Sam, he's my mate."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 go	punct
2	Last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spot	amod
3	spot	spot	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 go	nsubj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 trip	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trip	det
6	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spot	nmod
7	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 go	aux
8	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 Sam	case
10	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 go	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 mate	punct
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 mate	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 mate	cop
14	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 mate	nmod:poss
15	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 go	vocative
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 go	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go in a quote	should	Last spot on the trip			Sam			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to sam=Initial_Location
2	is a in a quote	present	spot	my mate					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What weak argument is this?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 argument	amod
3	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
5	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	weak argument						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A strong argument, as friends come first in fairness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 argument	det
2	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 argument	amod
3	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 come	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 come	mark
6	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 come	nsubj
7	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 argument	conj
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 come	advmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 fairness	case
10	fairness	fairness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	friends			fairness		first property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fairness=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Favouritism: it ignores fairness to the others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Favouritism	favouritism	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ignores	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 ignores	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 ignores	nsubj
4	ignores	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	fairness	fairness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ignores	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 others	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 others	det
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 ignores	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ignore	present	Favouritism	fairness				to the others	vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fairness=Theme

Option 3

A lottery, which is fair to everyone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lottery	det
2	lottery	lottery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 fair	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 fair	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fair	cop
6	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lottery	acl:relcl
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 everyone	case
8	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 fair	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a lottery					to everyone; fair property	tree rules

Option 4

An argument from need, which is always fair

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 argument	det
2	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 need	case
4	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 argument	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 fair	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 fair	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 fair	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	9 fair	advmod
9	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 argument	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a argument from need					always, fair property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/48-lifeboat-choices/t10/