Exam question 1 · Rights, duties and community dilemmas

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relation between freedom of expression and respect for religious belief?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: relation

This is exam question 1 of lesson 49 «Rights, duties and community dilemmas» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 relation	det
10	relation	relation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	12 freedom	case
12	freedom	freedom	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 relation	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 expression	case
14	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 freedom	nmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 respect	cc
16	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 expression	conj
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 belief	case
18	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 belief	amod
19	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 respect	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the relation				of the following statements; between freedom of expression and respect for religious belief; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Freedom of expression authorises any utterance whatsoever, irrespective of its consequences

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Freedom	freedom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 authorises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 expression	case
3	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Freedom	nmod
4	authorises	authorise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 utterance	det
6	utterance	utterance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 authorises	obj
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	4 authorises	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 consequences	punct
9	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	_	12 consequences	advmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 consequences	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 consequences	nmod:poss
12	consequences	consequence	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 authorises	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	authorise	present	Freedom of expression	any utterance				of Freedom's consequences; whatsoever property	tree rules

Option 2

The holding of religious belief prohibits every expression of disagreement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 holding	det
2	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 prohibits	csubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 belief	case
4	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 belief	amod
5	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 holding	obl
6	prohibits	prohibit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 expression	det
8	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 prohibits	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 disagreement	case
10	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 expression	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund						of religious belief	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	prohibit	present	holding	every expression of disagreement					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer expression=Theme

Option 3

The two are wholly unrelated, neither bearing upon the other

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 two	det
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 unrelated	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 unrelated	cop
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	5 unrelated	advmod
5	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bearing	punct
7	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	8 bearing	det
8	bearing	bearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 unrelated	conj
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 other	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 other	det
11	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 bearing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the two					unrelated, wholly property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Disagreement is permissible, whereas mockery of that which others hold sacred occasions needless hurt

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Disagreement	disagreement	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permissible	cop
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 mockery	punct
5	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	6 mockery	case
6	mockery	mockery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	appos
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 that	case
8	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 mockery	nmod
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 hold	nsubj
10	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hold	nsubj
11	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 mockery	acl:relcl
12	sacred	sacred	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 occasions	amod
13	occasions	occasion	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hold	obj
14	needless	needless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hurt	amod
15	hurt	hurt	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hold	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Disagreement		permissible property	tree rules
2	hold	present	mockery of that	sacred occasions		vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent occasion=Theme hurt=Eventuality
3	mock			that		nom mockery «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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