Test 10 · Getting old: how long people and animals live
A cartoon shows a wizard drinking a potion and staying young for ever. What is the truth?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon, wizard, truth · What happens: show, drink, stay, be · To what, where: wizard, potion
This is test 10 of lesson 52 «Getting old: how long people and animals live» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A cartoon shows a wizard drinking a potion and staying young for ever.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cartoon | det |
| 2 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 wizard | det |
| 5 | wizard | wizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | obj |
| 6 | drinking | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 wizard | acl |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 potion | det |
| 8 | potion | potion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 drinking | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 staying | cc |
| 10 | staying | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 drinking | conj |
| 11 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 staying | xcomp |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 ever | case |
| 13 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 10 staying | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 shows | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | a cartoon | a wizard | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent wizard=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | drink | gerund | a wizard not said here | a potion | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potion=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stay | gerund | a wizard not said here | young property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the truth?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 truth | det |
| 4 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the truth | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Such potions exist but are very expensive
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 potions | amod |
| 2 | potions | potion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 exist | nsubj |
| 3 | exist | exist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 expensive | cc |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 expensive | cop |
| 6 | very | very | ADV | _ | 7 expensive | advmod |
| 7 | expensive | expensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 exist | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exist | present | Such potions | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | present | Such potions not said here | expensive property | tree rules |
Option 2
Wizards really do stay young for ever and ever
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wizards | wizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stay | nsubj |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 4 stay | advmod |
| 3 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 stay | aux |
| 4 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stay | xcomp |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 ever | case |
| 7 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 stay | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 ever | cc |
| 9 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 7 ever | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present · do-support | Wizards | young property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
Only cartoon characters ever grow old
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 characters | advmod |
| 2 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 characters | compound |
| 3 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 grow | nsubj |
| 4 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 5 grow | advmod |
| 5 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 grow | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | cartoon characters | ever | old property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Every body ages, and no potion can stop it
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 ages | det |
| 2 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ages | compound |
| 3 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 stop | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 stop | cc |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 potion | det |
| 7 | potion | potion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stop | nsubj |
| 8 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 stop | aux |
| 9 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 ages | parataxis |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 stop | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | can | no potion | it | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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