Exam question 1 · Grief: crying, not crying and feeling numb

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression of grief following a bereavement?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: expression · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: expression, bereavement

This is exam question 1 of lesson 66 «Grief: crying, not crying and feeling numb» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 expression	det
10	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 grief	case
12	grief	grief	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 expression	nmod
13	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 expression	acl
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 bereavement	det
15	bereavement	bereavement	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 following	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the expression of grief	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	follow	gerund	the expression of grief not said here	a bereavement		vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bereavement=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Its absence of tears demonstrates an absence of affection

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 absence	nmod:poss
2	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 demonstrates	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 tears	case
4	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 absence	nmod
5	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 absence	det
7	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 demonstrates	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 affection	case
9	affection	affection	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 absence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	demonstrate	present	Its absence of tears	a absence of affection	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot absence=Topic
2	absent		Its = it	tears	nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent of=patient
3	absent			affection	nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It is confined to adults and is not experienced by children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 confined	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 confined	aux:pass
3	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 adults	case
5	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 confined	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 experienced	cc
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 experienced	aux:pass
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 experienced	advmod
9	experienced	experience	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 confined	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 children	case
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 experienced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	present · passive		It	adults				vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to adult=Destination
2	not experience	present · passive	children						vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its expression varies between individuals, and no single form is correct

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 expression	nmod:poss
2	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 varies	nsubj
3	varies	vary	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	between	between	ADP	_	5 individuals	case
5	individuals	individual	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 varies	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 correct	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 correct	cc
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 form	det
9	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 form	amod
10	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 correct	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 correct	cop
12	correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 varies	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	vary	present	Its expression					between individuals	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	is	present	no single form					correct property	tree rules

Option 4

It is invariably expressed through weeping on the day of the funeral

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 expressed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 expressed	aux:pass
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 expressed	advmod
4	expressed	express	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 weeping	case
6	weeping	weeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 expressed	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 expressed	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 funeral	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 funeral	det
12	funeral	funeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 day	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	express	present · passive		It		weeping	day	invariably property	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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