Exam question 4 · Ruth, and David and Goliath

Select the response consistent with the established account concerning the conduct of David towards King Saul.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established account · What happens: select, establish, concern, conduct · To what, where: response, conduct, David

This is exam question 4 of lesson 8 «Ruth, and David and Goliath» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 account	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 account	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 account	amod
8	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 account	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 conduct	det
11	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 David	case
13	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 conduct	nmod
14	towards	towards	ADP	_	16 Saul	case
15	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 Saul	compound
16	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 conduct	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established account not said here	the conduct of David	towards King Saul	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus conduct=Experiencer
4	conduct			David	towards King Saul	nom conduct «act transitive»: of=patient towards=obl

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

David delivered Saul to the Philistines

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 delivered	nsubj
2	delivered	deliver	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 delivered	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 Philistines	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Philistines	det
6	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 delivered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deliver	past	David	Saul	the Philistines				vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent saul=Theme to philistine=Destination

Option 2

David slew Saul in single combat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 slew	nsubj
2	slew	slay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 slew	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 combat	case
5	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 combat	amod
6	combat	combat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slay	past	David	Saul		single combat			vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saul=Patient

Option 3

David conspired with Jonathan to depose Saul

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 conspired	nsubj
2	conspired	conspire	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 Jonathan	case
4	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 conspired	obl
5	to	to	PART	_	6 depose	mark
6	depose	depose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 conspired	advcl
7	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 depose	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conspire	past	David					with Jonathan	vn conspire-71 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with jonathan=Co-Agent
2	depose	to-infinitive	David not said here	Saul					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saul=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Having opportunity to slay Saul, David declined to do him harm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 declined	advcl
2	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Having	obj
3	to	to	PART	_	4 slay	mark
4	slay	slay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 opportunity	acl
5	Saul	Saul	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 slay	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Having	punct
7	David	David	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 declined	nsubj
8	declined	decline	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 do	mark
10	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 harm	advcl
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 do	obj
12	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 declined	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	have	gerund	David not said here	opportunity	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opportunity=Patient
2	slay	to-infinitive	David not said here	Saul	vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saul=Patient
3	decline	past	David		vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	do	to-infinitive		David	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality
5	not harm	infinitive	David not said here		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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