Test 8 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together

"Shut up, it was only a cup, why's Mum making a big deal?" moans Sam. What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it, Mum, cup, best answer · What happens: shut up, be, make, moan · To what, where: cup, big deal, Sam

This is test 8 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "Shut up, it was only a cup, why's Mum making a big deal?" moans Sam.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Shut	punct
2	Shut	shut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 cup	advcl
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 Shut	compound:prt
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Shut	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 cup	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 cup	cop
7	only	only	ADV	_	9 cup	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cup	det
9	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 moans	nsubj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 why	punct
11	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	14 making	advmod
12	's	's	PART	_	11 why	case
13	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 making	nsubj
14	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 cup	advcl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 deal	det
16	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 deal	amod
17	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 making	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	14 making	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 making	punct
20	moans	moan	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
21	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 moans	obj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	20 moans	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	shut up in a quote	participle			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	past	it	a cup	tree rules
3	make in a quote	gerund	Mum	a big deal	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Product
4	moan	present	a cup	Sam	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sam=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Buy her a new cup and then you never have to say sorry, because the cup was the only thing that mattered

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buy	buy	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Buy	iobj
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cup	det
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cup	amod
5	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buy	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 have	cc
7	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 have	advmod
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 have	nsubj
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 have	advmod
10	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Buy	conj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 say	mark
12	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 have	xcomp
13	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 say	xcomp
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 thing	punct
15	because	because	SCONJ	_	21 thing	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 cup	det
17	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 thing	nsubj
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 thing	cop
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 thing	det
20	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 thing	amod
21	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buy	parataxis
22	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 mattered	nsubj
23	mattered	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 thing	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	buy	imperative	you not said here	a new cup	her = she			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary cup=Theme
2	not have	present	you			then		tree rules
3	say speech: apologize	to-infinitive	you not said here				sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is a	past	the cup	the only thing				tree rules
5	matter	past	the only thing					vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

Tell her the cat did it, then she'll calm down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Tell	iobj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cat	det
4	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
5	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	ccomp
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 did	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 calm	punct
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 calm	advmod
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 calm	nsubj
10	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 calm	aux
11	calm	calm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Tell	parataxis
12	down	down	ADP	_	11 calm	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	the cat	her = she		tree rules
2	do	past		cat			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
3	calm down	future	she			then	vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

You're right, Mum is just being dramatic about nothing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 dramatic	punct
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dramatic	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dramatic	cop
7	just	just	ADV	_	9 dramatic	advmod
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 dramatic	cop
9	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 right	conj
10	about	about	ADP	_	11 nothing	case
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 dramatic	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	You					right property	tree rules
2	is	present	Mum					about nothing; dramatic property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The cup isn't the big deal; the lie is, because now she can't believe you

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cup	det
2	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 deal	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 deal	cop
4	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 deal	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 deal	det
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 deal	amod
7	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 is	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 lie	det
10	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 is	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 believe	cop
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 is	punct
13	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	14 now	case
14	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	18 believe	obl
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 believe	nsubj
16	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 believe	aux
17	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 believe	advmod
18	believe	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 deal	parataxis
19	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 believe	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	the cup	the big deal					tree rules
2	not is	can · present	lie					believe property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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