Test 1 · Vows, oaths and promises in faith
Your mate says, "Swearing on your mum's life makes it way more true." What does James 5:12 teach?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, Swearing · What happens: say, swear, make, do · To what, where: life, mate, James teach · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 of lesson 88 «Vows, oaths and promises in faith» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Your mate says, "Swearing on your mum's life makes it way more true."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 mate | nmod:poss |
| 2 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 makes | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 makes | punct |
| 6 | Swearing | swear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 makes | csubj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 life | case |
| 8 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 mum | nmod:poss |
| 9 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 life | nmod:poss |
| 10 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 9 mum | case |
| 11 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 Swearing | obl |
| 12 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 says | ccomp |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 makes | obj |
| 14 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 makes | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 16 true | amod |
| 16 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 makes | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 makes | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 makes | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Your mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | swear in a quote | gerund | your mum's life | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | make in a quote | present | Swearing | mate | way obl:unmarked; true property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What does James 5:12 teach?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 does | nsubj |
| 2 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 teach | compound |
| 4 | 5:12 | 5:12 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 James | flat |
| 5 | teach | teach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 does | obj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 does | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | James teach | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teach=Eventuality |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
A simple "Yes" or "No" is enough; your plain word should be true
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 simple | det |
| 2 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 enough | csubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Yes | punct |
| 4 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 2 simple | discourse |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Yes | punct |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 No | cc |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 No | punct |
| 8 | No | No | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Yes | conj |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 Yes | punct |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 enough | cop |
| 11 | enough | enough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 true | punct |
| 13 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 word | nmod:poss |
| 14 | plain | plain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 word | amod |
| 15 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 true | nsubj |
| 16 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 true | aux |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 true | cop |
| 18 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 enough | parataxis |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | enough property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | should | your plain word | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | word | your | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
Option 2
Only swear on your dad's life, not your mum's
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 swear | advmod |
| 2 | swear | swear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 life | case |
| 4 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 dad | nmod:poss |
| 5 | dad | dad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 life | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 dad | case |
| 7 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 swear | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 mum | punct |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 mum | advmod |
| 10 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 mum | nmod:poss |
| 11 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 swear | obl |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 mum | case |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swear | imperative | you not said here | your dad's life | 's your mum | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
Swearing makes any sentence true
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swearing | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 makes | nsubj |
| 2 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 sentence | det |
| 4 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 makes | obj |
| 5 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 makes | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swear | gerund | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | make | present | any sentence | true property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sentence=Product |
Option 4
Swearing on someone's life is the best and strongest kind of promise
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swearing | swear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 kind | csubj |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 life | case |
| 3 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 5 life | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 someone | case |
| 5 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Swearing | obl |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 kind | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 kind | det |
| 8 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 kind | amod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 strongest | cc |
| 10 | strongest | strong | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 8 best | conj |
| 11 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 promise | case |
| 13 | promise | promise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 kind | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swear | gerund | someone's life | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | Swearing | the best kind | of promise | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/88-vows-oaths-and-promises-in-faith/t1/