Exam question 1 · Honest money: earning, raising and paying fairly

Which of the following most accurately characterises the obligation of a person who accepts payment for a task?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: person · What happens: follow, characteris, accept, obligate · To what, where: obligation, payment, person

This is exam question 1 of lesson 96 «Honest money: earning, raising and paying fairly» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 obligation	det
9	obligation	obligation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 person	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 person	det
12	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 obligation	nmod
13	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 accepts	nsubj
14	accepts	accept	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 person	acl:relcl
15	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 accepts	obj
16	for	for	ADP	_	18 task	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 task	det
18	task	task	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 payment	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the obligation of a person	accurately property	tree rules
3	accept	present	a person	payment	for a task	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent payment=Theme
4	obligate			a person		nom obligation «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The retention of payment irrespective of performance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 retention	det
2	retention	retention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 payment	case
4	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 retention	nmod
5	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	_	4 payment	advmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 performance	case
7	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 payment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	retain			payment of performance					nom retention «act transitive»: of=patient
2	pay			performance					nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The demand of additional payment for partial performance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 demand	det
2	demand	demand	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 payment	case
4	additional	additional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 payment	amod
5	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 demand	nmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 performance	case
7	partial	partial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 performance	amod
8	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 payment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	demand			additional payment for partial performance					nom demand «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The performance of the task as agreed, or a truthful account of what was performed

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 performance	det
2	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 task	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 task	det
5	task	task	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	nmod
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 agreed	mark
7	agreed	agree	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 performance	acl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 account	punct
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 account	cc
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 account	det
11	truthful	truthful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 account	amod
12	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 what	case
14	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 account	nmod
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 performed	aux:pass
16	performed	perform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 what	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	participle	the performance of the task or a truthful account of the performance of the task or a truthful account of the performance not said here	vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	perform	past · passive		vn performance-26.7 «NP V»
3	perform		the task	nom performance «communication transitive»: of=patient
4	account		the performance of the task or a truthful account of the performance of the task or a truthful account	nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The performance of a lesser task without disclosure of the difference to the person paying

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 performance	det
2	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 task	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 task	det
5	lesser	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 task	amod
6	task	task	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	nmod
7	without	without	ADP	_	8 disclosure	case
8	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 difference	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 difference	det
11	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 disclosure	nmod
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 person	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 person	det
14	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	nmod
15	paying	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 person	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pay	gerund	the person not said here			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	perform			a lesser task	without disclosure of the difference; to the person	nom performance «communication transitive»: of=patient without=obl to=obl
3	disclose			the difference		nom disclosure «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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