Test 3 · The Sun, our star

If the Sun is just an ordinary star, why does it look so much bigger and brighter than the others?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Sun, it · What happens: be, look · To what, where: ordinary star

This is test 3 of lesson 1 «The Sun, our star» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	8 star	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Sun	det
3	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 star	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 star	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	8 star	advmod
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 star	det
7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 star	amod
8	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 look	advcl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 star	punct
10	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	13 look	advmod
11	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 look	aux
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 look	nsubj
13	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
14	so	so	ADV	_	15 much	advmod
15	much	much	ADV	_	16 bigger	advmod
16	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 look	xcomp
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 brighter	cc
18	brighter	bright	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 bigger	conj
19	than	than	ADP	_	21 others	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 others	det
21	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 bigger	obl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a a condition, not said to happen	present	the Sun	a ordinary star					tree rules
2	look	present · do-support	it					big property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Stars only shine at night when the Sun is off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shine	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 shine	advmod
3	shine	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shine	obl
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 off	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Sun	det
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 off	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 off	cop
10	off	off	ADV	_	3 shine	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shine	present	Stars				night		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	the Sun					off property	tree rules

Option 2

The other stars are only small lamps in the sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 stars	det
2	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stars	amod
3	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lamps	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 lamps	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 lamps	advmod
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lamps	amod
7	lamps	lamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 sky	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sky	det
10	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lamps	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the other stars	small lamps		the sky			tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is very close; the other stars are suns much further away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 close	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 close	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 close	advmod
4	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 suns	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 stars	det
7	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stars	amod
8	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 suns	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 suns	cop
10	suns	sun	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 close	obl
11	much	much	ADV	_	12 further	advmod
12	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 suns	advmod
13	away	away	ADV	_	12 further	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					close property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the other stars	suns				far property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It really is the biggest star in the universe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 star	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	6 star	advmod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 star	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 star	det
5	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 star	amod
6	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 universe	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 universe	det
9	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 star	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the biggest star		the universe			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/1-the-sun-our-star/t3/