Test 8 · Saturn's moons

Why does Dragonfly need to fly instead of drive?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Dragonfly · What happens: need, fly

This is test 8 of lesson 13 «Saturn's moons» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 need	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	Dragonfly	Dragonfly	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fly	mark
6	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 need	xcomp
7	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	9 drive	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	7 instead	fixed
9	drive	drive	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fly	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present · do-support	Dragonfly						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	fly not said to happen	to-infinitive	Dragonfly not said here					instead drive	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Because wheels melt on Titan

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 melt	mark
2	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 melt	nsubj
3	melt	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 Titan	case
5	Titan	Titan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 melt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	wheels			Titan			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Because flying is not possible on Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 possible	mark
2	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 possible	amod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 possible	cop
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 possible	advmod
5	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 Earth	case
7	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 possible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	gerund							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not is	present				Earth		possible property	tree rules

Option 3

Because Titan has no solid ground at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 has	mark
2	Titan	Titan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 ground	det
5	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ground	amod
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 ground	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Titan	no solid ground		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

To hop between sites far apart on Titan

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hop	mark
2	hop	hop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	between	between	ADP	_	4 sites	case
4	sites	site	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hop	obl
5	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 apart	advmod
6	apart	apart	ADV	_	2 hop	advmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 Titan	case
8	Titan	Titan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 hop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hop	to-infinitive				Titan		between sites; apart property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between site=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/13-saturns-moons/t8/