Test 10 · ★★ · How stars live

Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 18 «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Sun and the universe are the same age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 age	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 universe	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 universe	det
5	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Sun	conj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 age	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 age	det
8	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 age	amod
9	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the Sun and the universe	the same age					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The universe is about 13.8 billion years old and the Sun about 4.6 billion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 universe	det
2	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 old	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 old	cop
4	about	about	ADV	_	6 billion	advmod
5	13.8	13.8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 billion	compound
6	billion	billion	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 years	nummod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 old	obl:unmarked
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 Sun	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Sun	det
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 old	conj
12	about	about	ADV	_	14 billion	advmod
13	4.6	4.6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 billion	compound
14	billion	billion	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 old	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the universe				year	4.6 billion obl; old property	tree rules

Option 3

The universe is only 4.6 billion years old, and the Sun is just as old as it

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 universe	det
2	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 old	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 old	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 billion	advmod
5	4.6	4.6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 billion	compound
6	billion	billion	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 years	nummod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 old	obl:unmarked
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 old	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 old	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Sun	det
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 old	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 old	cop
14	just	just	ADV	_	16 old	advmod
15	as	as	ADV	_	16 old	advmod
16	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 old	conj
17	as	as	ADP	_	18 it	case
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 old	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the universe				year	old property	tree rules
2	is	present	the Sun					as universe; old property	tree rules

Option 4

The Sun is older than the universe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 older	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 older	cop
4	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 universe	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 universe	det
7	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the Sun					than the universe; old property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/18-how-stars-live/t10/