Test 1 · ★ · How the Solar System was born

my sister says the planets were all made at different times from bits of other stars. what's closer to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sister · What happens: say, make, be · To what, where: planets, bits · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 2 «How the Solar System was born» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 sister	nmod:poss
2	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 planets	det
5	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	nsubj:pass
6	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 made	aux:pass
7	all	all	ADV	_	8 made	advmod
8	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	ccomp
9	at	at	ADP	_	11 times	case
10	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 times	amod
11	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	obl
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 bits	case
13	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 stars	case
15	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 stars	amod
16	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 bits	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
18	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 closer	nsubj
19	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 closer	cop
20	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 says	parataxis
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 truth	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 truth	det
23	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 closer	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my sister					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make	past · passive		the planets	bits of other stars	time	all property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from bit=Material
3	is	present					to the truth; close property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Earth came first and the others millions of years later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 came	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 millions	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 others	det
7	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 millions	compound
8	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 came	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 years	case
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 millions	nmod
11	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	the Earth					first, late property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Each planet came from a different star

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 planet	det
2	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 star	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 star	det
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 star	amod
7	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	each planet			a different star			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from star=Initial_Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They all formed together from the same spinning disc of gas and dust

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 formed	nsubj
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 formed	nsubj:pass
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	together	together	ADV	_	3 formed	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	9 disc	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 disc	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 disc	amod
8	spinning	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 disc	compound
9	disc	disc	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 gas	case
11	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 disc	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 dust	cc
13	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 disc	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	participle · passive		They		the same spinning disc of gas and dust		together property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from disc=Material
2	spin	gerund							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The planets were made after the Sun burnt out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 planets	det
2	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	after	after	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
8	burnt	burnt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 made	xcomp
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 burnt	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		the planets			after the Sun		tree rules
2	burnt out	participle	the planets not said here						tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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