Test 3 · The night sky in summer and autumn, and the southern sky

Why does Scorpius look so much higher from Sydney than from London?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Scorpius · What happens: look · To what, where: higher

This is test 3 of lesson 21 «The night sky in summer and autumn, and the southern sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 look	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 look	aux
3	Scorpius	Scorpius	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 look	nsubj
4	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 much	advmod
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 higher	advmod
7	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 look	obl
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 Sydney	case
9	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 higher	obl
10	than	than	ADP	_	12 London	case
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 London	case
12	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 higher	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present · do-support	Scorpius	higher					vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sydney is closer to the stars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 closer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 closer	cop
3	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 stars	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stars	det
6	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 closer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Sydney					to the stars; close property	tree rules

Option 2

Scorpius is a different group of stars there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scorpius	Scorpius	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 group	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 group	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 group	det
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 group	amod
5	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 stars	case
7	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 group	nmod
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 group	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Scorpius	a different group		there		of stars	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Sydney is much farther south on the round Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 farther	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 farther	cop
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 farther	advmod
4	farther	far	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	south	south	ADV	_	4 farther	advmod
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 Earth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Earth	det
8	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Earth	amod
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 farther	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Sydney			the round Earth		far, south property	tree rules

Option 4

The air in Australia is thinner, so stars rise higher there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 thinner	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Australia	case
4	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 air	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 thinner	cop
6	thinner	thin	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 rise	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 rise	advmod
9	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 rise	nsubj
10	rise	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 thinner	advcl
11	higher	high	ADV	Degree=Cmp	12 there	advmod
12	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 rise	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the air in Australia					thin property	tree rules
2	rise	present	stars			there			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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