Test 4 · ★★ · Black holes

If an astronaut came back after a long stay near a black hole, how might her clock compare?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: astronaut, clock · What happens: come back, compare

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Black holes» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	4 came	mark
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 astronaut	det
3	astronaut	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	back	back	ADV	_	4 came	advmod
6	after	after	ADP	_	9 stay	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 stay	det
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 stay	amod
9	stay	stay	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
10	near	near	ADP	_	13 hole	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 hole	det
12	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 hole	amod
13	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stay	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 compare	punct
15	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	19 compare	advmod
16	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 compare	aux
17	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 clock	nmod:poss
18	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 compare	nsubj
19	compare	compare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 hole	acl:relcl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come back	past	a astronaut				after a long stay near a black hole		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	compare	might	astronaut's clock						vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It would show time going backwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 show	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 show	aux
3	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 show	obj
5	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 time	acl
6	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	5 going	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	would	It				time		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	go	gerund	time not said here					backwards property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It would show more time passed, because time speeds up there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 show	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 show	aux
3	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 time	amod
5	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 show	obj
6	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 time	acl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 speeds	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 speeds	mark
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 speeds	nsubj
10	speeds	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 show	parataxis
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 speeds	compound:prt
12	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 speeds	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	show	would	It			time	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	pass	participle		more time not said here			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	speed up	present	time		there		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It would show less time passed than clocks on Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 show	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 show	aux
3	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 time	amod
5	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 show	obj
6	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 time	acl
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 clocks	case
8	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 passed	obl
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 Earth	case
10	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 passed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	would	It				time		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	pass	participle		less time not said here		Earth		than clocks	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on earth=Location

Option 4

It would show exactly the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 show	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 show	aux
3	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 same	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 same	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 show	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	would	It	the same					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent same=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/25-black-holes/t4/