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Test 1 · Telescopes and light

Noah thinks the main point of a telescope is to make stars look bigger. What is closer to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Noah, main point · What happens: think, be, look, point · To what, where: telescope · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Noah thinks the main point of a telescope is to make stars look bigger.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Noah	Noah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	nsubj
2	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 point	det
4	main	main	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 point	amod
5	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 make	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 telescope	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 telescope	det
8	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 point	nmod
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 make	cop
10	to	to	PART	_	11 make	mark
11	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 thinks	ccomp
12	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 make	obj
13	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 make	xcomp
14	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 look	xcomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 thinks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Noah						vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	is	present	the main point of a telescope					make property	tree rules
3	look	infinitive	the main point of a telescope not said here					big property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
4	point			a telescope					nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is closer to the truth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 closer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 closer	cop
3	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 truth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 truth	det
6	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 closer	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 closer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						to the truth; close property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Its main job is to collect more light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 job	nmod:poss
2	main	main	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 job	amod
3	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 collect	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 collect	cop
5	to	to	PART	_	6 collect	mark
6	collect	collect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 light	amod
8	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 collect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Its main job					collect property	tree rules
2	job		Its = it						nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

It mainly changes their colour so we can tell them apart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 changes	nsubj
2	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	3 changes	advmod
3	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 colour	nmod:poss
5	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 changes	obj
6	so	so	SCONJ	_	9 tell	mark
7	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 tell	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 tell	aux
9	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 changes	advcl
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 tell	iobj
11	apart	apart	ADV	_	9 tell	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	It	their colour				mainly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	tell speech: assert	can	we		them = they			apart property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient

Option 3

It mainly makes the stars hotter so they glow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 makes	nsubj
2	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	3 makes	advmod
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stars	det
5	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 makes	obj
6	hotter	hot	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	xcomp
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 glow	advmod
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 glow	nsubj
9	glow	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 makes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	the stars				hot, mainly property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material star=Product
2	glow	present	stars = star						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It mainly brings the stars much nearer to us

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 brings	nsubj
2	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	3 brings	advmod
3	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stars	det
5	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 brings	obj
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 nearer	advmod
7	nearer	near	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 brings	advcl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 us	case
9	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 nearer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	It	the stars				mainly property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent star=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/t1/