Test 5 · Telescopes and light

In a cartoon, a scientist in a London back garden takes an X-ray picture of a star with a backyard telescope. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: scientist · What happens: take, be · To what, where: ray picture, cartoon

This is test 5 of lesson 27 «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a scientist in a London back garden takes an X-ray picture of a star with a backyard telescope.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 takes	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 scientist	det
6	scientist	scientist	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 takes	nsubj
7	in	in	ADP	_	11 garden	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 garden	det
9	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 garden	compound
10	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 garden	compound
11	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 scientist	nmod
12	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 picture	det
14	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 ray	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 X	punct
16	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 picture	compound
17	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 takes	obj
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 star	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 star	det
20	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 picture	nmod
21	with	with	ADP	_	24 telescope	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 telescope	det
23	backyard	backyard	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 telescope	compound
24	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 star	nmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 takes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	a scientist in a London back garden	a ray picture of a star with a backyard telescope		a cartoon			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent picture=Value in cartoon=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Nothing, that works fine as long as the backyard telescope is big enough

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	13 big	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 works	punct
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 works	nsubj
4	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	acl:relcl
5	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 works	xcomp
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 long	advmod
7	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 works	advmod
8	as	as	ADP	_	11 telescope	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 telescope	det
10	backyard	backyard	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 telescope	compound
11	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 long	obl
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 big	cop
13	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
14	enough	enough	ADV	_	13 big	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present						fine, long property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Nothing					big, enough property	tree rules

Option 2

Stars give out no light at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	nsubj
2	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 give	compound:prt
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 light	det
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 give	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 give	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give out	present	Stars	no light		all			vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

X-rays from space are blocked by the air, so it must be in space

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rays	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 X	punct
3	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 blocked	nsubj:pass
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 space	case
5	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rays	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 blocked	aux:pass
7	blocked	block	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 air	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 air	det
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blocked	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 space	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	17 space	advmod
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 space	nsubj
14	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 space	aux
15	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 space	cop
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 space	case
17	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blocked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	block	present · passive	the air	X rays from space					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme
2	is	must	air			space			tree rules

Option 4

X-rays are only made in hospitals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rays	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 X	punct
3	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 made	advmod
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 hospitals	case
8	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		X rays		hospitals			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/27-telescopes-and-light/t5/