Test 11 · ★★★ · How we know: measuring the sky

bro reckons nobody can know how far stars are, it's all made up. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: bro, nobody, stars · What happens: reckon, know, be, make up · To what, where: bro · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 28 «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reckons	nsubj
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 know	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 know	aux
5	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 reckons	xcomp
6	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 far	advmod
7	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 know	ccomp
8	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 far	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 far	cop
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 made	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 made	nsubj:pass
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 made	aux:pass
13	all	all	ADV	_	14 made	advmod
14	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 know	ccomp
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 made	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct
17	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 reckons	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	bro			vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	know	can	nobody			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	is	present	stars		far property	tree rules
4	make up	present · passive		bro	all property	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, star distances are pure guesses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 guesses	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distances	compound
4	distances	distance	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 guesses	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 guesses	cop
6	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 guesses	amod
7	guesses	guess	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	star distances	pure guesses					tree rules

Option 2

Yes, nobody has ever tried

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 tried	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 tried	nsubj
4	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 tried	aux
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 tried	advmod
6	tried	try	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present · perfect	nobody				ever		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

No, parallax measures nearby stars directly, like Gaia did

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 measures	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	parallax	parallax	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 measures	compound
4	measures	measure	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 did	nsubj
5	nearby	nearby	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stars	amod
6	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 measures	conj
7	directly	directly	ADV	_	4 measures	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Gaia	punct
9	like	like	ADP	_	10 Gaia	case
10	Gaia	Gaia	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 measures	nmod
11	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	parallax measures like Gaia and nearby stars						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

No, astronauts have measured every one of them with long lasers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 measured	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measured	nsubj
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 measured	aux
5	measured	measure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 one	det
7	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 measured	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 them	case
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 one	nmod
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 lasers	case
11	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lasers	amod
12	lasers	laser	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	measure	present · perfect	astronauts	every one of them				with long lasers	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme one=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/t11/