Test 10 · ★★ · What comes next: the Moon, Mars and beyond

If a spacecraft hit a fleck of paint while orbiting at high speed, what could happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: spacecraft, high speed · What happens: hit, orbit, happen · To what, where: fleck, high speed

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 30 «What comes next: the Moon, Mars and beyond» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	4 hit	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 spacecraft	det
3	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hit	nsubj
4	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 fleck	det
6	fleck	fleck	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hit	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 paint	case
8	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fleck	nmod
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 orbiting	mark
10	orbiting	orbit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 hit	advcl
11	at	at	ADP	_	13 speed	case
12	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 speed	amod
13	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 orbiting	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 happen	punct
15	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 happen	nsubj
16	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 happen	aux
17	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 speed	acl:relcl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 hit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	hit	past	a spacecraft	a fleck of paint		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fleck=Co-Theme
2	orbit	gerund	a spacecraft not said here		high speed	vn orbit-51.9.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme
3	happen	could	high speed			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It would speed up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 speed	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 speed	aux
3	speed	speed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 speed	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speed up	would	It						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It could be damaged

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 damaged	nsubj:pass
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 damaged	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 damaged	aux:pass
4	damaged	damage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	damage	could · passive		It					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3

Nothing, paint is too soft

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 paint	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 soft	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 soft	cop
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 soft	advmod
6	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Nothing paint					soft property	tree rules

Option 4

It would bounce off safely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bounce	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 bounce	aux
3	bounce	bounce	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 bounce	compound:prt
5	safely	safely	ADV	_	3 bounce	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bounce off	would	It					safely property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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