Test 11 · ★ · Mars

Why is Mars much colder than the Earth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mars · What happens: be

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 8 «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 colder	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 colder	cop
3	Mars	Mars	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 colder	nsubj
4	much	much	ADV	_	5 colder	advmod
5	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 Earth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 colder	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 colder	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mars					than the Earth; cold property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It spins backwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spins	nsubj
2	spins	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	2 spins	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spin	present	It					backwards property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Its ice caps freeze the whole planet daily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 caps	nmod:poss
2	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caps	compound
3	caps	cap	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 freeze	nsubj
4	freeze	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 planet	det
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 planet	amod
7	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 freeze	obj
8	daily	daily	ADV	_	4 freeze	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	Its ice caps	the whole planet				daily property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient planet=Result

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is further from the Sun and its thin air holds little heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 Sun	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 Sun	cop
3	further	further	ADV	_	6 Sun	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 holds	cc
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 air	nmod:poss
9	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 air	amod
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 holds	nsubj
11	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 Sun	conj
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 heat	amod
13	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			the Sun		further property	tree rules
2	hold	present	Sun's thin air	little heat					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme

Option 4

It has no Sun shining on it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 Sun	det
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	shining	shine	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 has	xcomp
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 shining	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	no Sun					tree rules
2	shine	gerund	no Sun not said here			Sun			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/8-mars/t11/