Exam question 3 · Heating, water pipes and drains

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of water freezing within a domestic pipe?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: consequence · What happens: follow, characteris, freeze · To what, where: consequence

This is exam question 3 of lesson 13 «Heating, water pipes and drains» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 consequence	det
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 water	case
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 consequence	nmod
13	freezing	freeze	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 consequence	acl
14	within	within	ADP	_	17 pipe	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 pipe	det
16	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 pipe	amod
17	pipe	pipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 freezing	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the consequence of water	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	freeze	gerund	the consequence of water not said here		within a domestic pipe	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Contraction of the ice draws the pipe inwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Contraction	contraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 draws	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 ice	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ice	det
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Contraction	nmod
5	draws	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 pipe	det
7	pipe	pipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 draws	obj
8	inwards	inwards	ADV	_	5 draws	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	present	Contraction of the ice	the pipe				inwards property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme
2	contract			the ice					nom contraction «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Expansion of the ice may fracture the pipe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Expansion	expansion	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fracture	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 ice	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ice	det
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Expansion	nmod
5	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 fracture	aux
6	fracture	fracture	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pipe	det
8	pipe	pipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fracture	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fracture	may	Expansion of the ice	the pipe					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Patient
2	expand			the ice					nom expansion «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The pipe becomes permanently magnetised

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pipe	det
2	pipe	pipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	5 magnetised	advmod
5	magnetised	magnetise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	the pipe						tree rules
2	magnetise	participle	the pipe not said here					permanently property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The water boils and escapes as vapour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 boils	nsubj
3	boils	boil	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 escapes	cc
5	escapes	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 boils	conj
6	as	as	ADP	_	7 vapour	case
7	vapour	vapour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 escapes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	boil	present	the water						vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	escape	present	the water not said here					as vapour	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/13-heating-water-pipes-and-drains/e3/