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Test 10 · Inside a car: engine, gears and the dashboard

Some cars drip water from the exhaust pipe on a cold morning. Is the car broken?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cars · What happens: drip, be, break · To what, where: water, exhaust pipe, car

This is test 10 of lesson 17 «Inside a car: engine, gears and the dashboard» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Some cars drip water from the exhaust pipe on a cold morning.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 cars	det
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drip	nsubj
3	drip	drip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drip	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	8 pipe	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pipe	det
7	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pipe	compound
8	pipe	pipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drip	obl
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 morning	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 morning	det
11	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 morning	amod
12	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drip	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 drip	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drip	present	some cars	water		the exhaust pipe	morning		vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme from pipe=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is the car broken?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 car	cop
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 car	det
3	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 broken	nsubj:pass
4	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 broken	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the car					tree rules
2	break	participle · passive		the car					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

The options

Option 1

Yes, the engine is full of rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 full	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 engine	det
4	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 full	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 full	cop
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 rain	case
8	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the engine					of rain; full property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Usually not; burning fuel makes water vapour that cools to drops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Usually	usually	ADV	_	6 makes	advmod
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 makes	advmod
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 makes	punct
4	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 fuel	amod
5	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	nsubj
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 vapour	compound
8	vapour	vapour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 cools	nsubj
10	cools	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 vapour	acl:relcl
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 drops	case
12	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 cools	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not make	present	burning fuel	water vapour				usually property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vapour=Product
3	cool	present	water vapour					to drops	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Yes, the exhaust is leaking petrol

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 leaking	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 exhaust	det
4	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leaking	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 leaking	aux
6	leaking	leak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leaking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leak	present · progressive	the exhaust	petrol					vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location petrol=Source

Option 4

No, someone poured water in it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 poured	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 poured	nsubj
4	poured	pour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 poured	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 poured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pour	past	someone	water		water			vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/17-inside-a-car/t10/