Test 5 · ★ · Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags

In a cartoon a car stops dead from full speed in a second at a puddle. What's wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: car · What happens: stop, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 18 «Car safety: brakes, seat belts and airbags» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a car stops dead from full speed in a second at a puddle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stops	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 car	det
5	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stops	nsubj
6	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stops	xcomp
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 speed	case
9	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 speed	amod
10	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stops	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 second	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 second	det
13	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stops	obl
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 puddle	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 puddle	det
16	puddle	puddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stops	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stops	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	a car			a cartoon	second	from full speed; at a puddle; dead property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Wet roads make cars stop sooner, because the water acts like glue on the tyres

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 roads	amod
2	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	obj
5	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 make	xcomp
6	sooner	soon	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 stop	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 acts	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 acts	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 water	det
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 acts	nsubj
11	acts	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 make	parataxis
12	like	like	ADP	_	13 glue	case
13	glue	glue	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 acts	obl
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 tyres	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 tyres	det
16	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 acts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	present	Wet roads	cars			tree rules
2	stop	infinitive	cars not said here			soon property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	act	present	the water		the tyres	like glue	vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on tyre=Eventuality

Option 2

Puddles make brakes stronger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Puddles	puddle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	brakes	brake	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Puddles	brakes				strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset brake=Product

Option 3

Nothing, cars stop instantly in water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 stop	vocative
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stop	nsubj
4	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	instantly	instantly	ADV	_	4 stop	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	cars			water		Nothing vocative; instantly property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Cars need several car-lengths to stop, longer when wet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lengths	amod
4	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lengths	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 car	punct
6	lengths	length	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 stop	mark
8	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 need	advcl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 longer	punct
10	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 need	obl
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 wet	advmod
12	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 longer	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Cars	several car lengths					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot length=Theme
2	stop	to-infinitive	Cars not said here						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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