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Test 11 · Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights

A blind lady is at the crossing. How does she know it's safe?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: blind lady, she, crossing · What happens: be, know · To what, where: crossing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 of lesson 20 «Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A blind lady is at the crossing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 lady	det
2	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lady	amod
3	lady	lady	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crossing	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 crossing	cop
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 crossing	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 crossing	det
7	crossing	crossing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 crossing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a blind lady			the crossing			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How does she know it's safe?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 know	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 know	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 know	nsubj
4	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 safe	nsubj
6	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 safe	cop
7	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 know	ccomp
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 know	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present · do-support	she						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is	present	crossing					safe property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cars tell her

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cars	det
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tell	nsubj
3	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 tell	iobj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present	the cars		her = she				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient

Option 2

She waits for someone to shout

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 someone	case
4	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 waits	obl
5	to	to	PART	_	6 shout	mark
6	shout	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	present	She					for someone	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	shout speech: express	to-infinitive	She not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

She guesses from the wind and the sound of footsteps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 guesses	nsubj
2	guesses	guess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 wind	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wind	det
5	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 guesses	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 sound	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sound	det
8	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wind	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 footsteps	case
10	footsteps	footstep	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 sound	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guess	present	She			the wind and the sound of footsteps			vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A beep or the spinning cone under the box

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 beep	det
2	beep	beep	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 cone	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cone	det
5	spinning	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 cone	amod
6	cone	cone	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beep	conj
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 box	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 box	det
9	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cone	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spin	gerund							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/20-buses-trams-lorries-and-traffic-lights/t11/