Test 5 · Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones
In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right. What is wrong?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: balloon pilot, balloon · What happens: turn, be · To what, where: steering wheel
This is test 5 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a balloon pilot turns a steering wheel and the balloon turns right.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cartoon | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 pilot | det |
| 6 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pilot | compound |
| 7 | pilot | pilot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | nsubj |
| 8 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 wheel | det |
| 10 | steering | steering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 wheel | compound |
| 11 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 turns | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 turns | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 balloon | det |
| 14 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turns | nsubj |
| 15 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 turns | conj |
| 16 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 turns | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 turns | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | a balloon pilot | a steering wheel | in a cartoon | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient in cartoon=Topic | |||
| 2 | turn | present | the balloon | right property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is wrong?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 wrong | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wrong | cop |
| 3 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 wrong | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | wrong property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Balloons steer with oars, not wheels
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Balloons | balloon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 steer | nsubj |
| 2 | steer | steer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 4 oars | case |
| 4 | oars | oar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 steer | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 wheels | punct |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 wheels | advmod |
| 7 | wheels | wheel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 steer | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | steer | present | Balloons | wheels | with oars | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
Nothing, balloons have rudders
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 3 balloons | compound |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nothing | punct |
| 3 | balloons | balloon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | rudders | rudder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Nothing balloons | rudders | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rudder=Patient |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Real balloons cannot steer; the pilot goes up or down to find a different wind
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 balloons | amod |
| 2 | balloons | balloon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 steer | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 steer | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 steer | advmod |
| 5 | steer | steer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 goes | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pilot | det |
| 8 | pilot | pilot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 goes | nsubj |
| 9 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 steer | parataxis |
| 10 | up | up | ADV | _ | 9 goes | advmod |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 down | cc |
| 12 | down | down | ADV | _ | 10 up | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 find | mark |
| 14 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 goes | advcl |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 wind | det |
| 16 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 wind | amod |
| 17 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 find | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not steer | can | Real balloons | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | go up | present | the pilot | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | find | to-infinitive | the pilot not said here | a different wind | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Topic |
Option 4
The pilot should blow on the balloon
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pilot | det |
| 2 | pilot | pilot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 blow | nsubj |
| 3 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 blow | aux |
| 4 | blow | blow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 balloon | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 balloon | det |
| 7 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 blow | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | blow | should | the pilot | the balloon | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/23-airports-black-box-helicopters-drones/t5/