Test 8 · Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones

«drone hovers still with no wind?? magic» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: drone, magic · What happens: hover, be

This is test 8 of lesson 23 «Airports, the black box, helicopters and drones» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 hovers	punct
2	drone	drone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hovers	nsubj
3	hovers	hover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	still	still	ADV	_	3 hovers	advmod
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 wind	case
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 wind	det
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hovers	obl
8	??	??	PUNCT	_	9 magic	punct
9	magic	magic	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wind	conj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 magic	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 right	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 right	cop
13	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 magic	acl:relcl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 hovers	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hover in a quote	present	drone				still	with no wind and magic	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	magic					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is hanging from an invisible wire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hanging	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hanging	aux
3	hanging	hang	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 wire	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 wire	det
6	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 wire	amod
7	wire	wire	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hanging	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	present · progressive	It			a invisible wire			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Drones only fly when the wind holds them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drones	drone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 fly	advmod
3	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 holds	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wind	det
6	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 holds	nsubj
7	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	advcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	Drones						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hold	present	the wind	Drones = drone					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its rotors keep adjusting, and some use GPS to hold their place

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 rotors	nmod:poss
2	rotors	rotor	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	adjusting	adjust	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 keep	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 use	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 use	cc
7	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	8 use	nsubj
8	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 keep	conj
9	GPS	gp	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 use	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 hold	mark
11	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 use	advcl
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 place	nmod:poss
13	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hold	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	keep	present	Its rotors		tree rules
2	adjust	gerund	Its rotors not said here		vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	use	present	some	GPS	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gp=Patient
4	hold	to-infinitive	some not said here	rotors's place	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme

Option 4

The air holds anything still once it is up high enough above the trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	nsubj
3	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 holds	obj
5	still	still	ADV	_	3 holds	advmod
6	once	once	SCONJ	_	10 high	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 high	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 high	cop
9	up	up	ADV	_	10 high	advmod
10	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 holds	advcl
11	enough	enough	ADV	_	10 high	advmod
12	above	above	ADP	_	14 trees	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 trees	det
14	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 high	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the air	anything			still		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme
2	is	present	air			the trees		enough, high property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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