Exam question 1 · Bicycles and other wheels

Identify the principal reason for which a cyclist ought not to apply the front brake alone with great force.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, cyclist · What happens: identify, not apply · To what, where: principal reason, front brake

This is exam question 1 of lesson 25 «Bicycles and other wheels» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 apply	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cyclist	det
8	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 apply	nsubj
9	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 apply	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 apply	advmod
11	to	to	PART	_	12 apply	mark
12	apply	apply	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	acl:relcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 brake	det
14	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 brake	amod
15	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 apply	obj
16	alone	alone	ADV	_	12 apply	advmod
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 force	case
18	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 force	amod
19	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 apply	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not apply	ought	a cyclist	the front brake				for the principal reason; with great force; alone property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent brake=Theme for which=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The front brake is operative only upon an ascending gradient of some steepness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 brake	det
2	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 brake	amod
3	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 operative	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 operative	cop
5	operative	operative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	10 gradient	advmod
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 gradient	case
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 gradient	det
9	ascending	ascend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 gradient	amod
10	gradient	gradient	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 operative	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 steepness	case
12	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	13 steepness	det
13	steepness	steepness	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gradient	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the front brake					upon a ascending gradient of some steepness; operative property	tree rules
2	ascend	gerund							vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Such action causes the rear wheel to accelerate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 action	amod
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 causes	nsubj
3	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wheel	det
5	rear	rear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wheel	amod
6	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 causes	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 accelerate	mark
8	accelerate	accelerate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 causes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	Such action	the rear wheel					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wheel=Patient
2	accelerate	to-infinitive	Such action not said here						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Such action may cause the rider to be projected over the handlebars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 action	amod
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 cause	aux
4	cause	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rider	det
6	rider	rider	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	9 projected	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 projected	aux:pass
9	projected	project	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 rider	acl
10	over	over	ADP	_	12 handlebars	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 handlebars	det
12	handlebars	handlebar	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 projected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	may	Such action	the rider					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition rider=Patient
2	project	to-infinitive · passive	Such action not said here	the rider not said here		the handlebars			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: over handlebar=Location

Option 4

Such action invariably severs the brake cable

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 action	amod
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 severs	nsubj
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 severs	advmod
4	severs	sever	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cable	det
6	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cable	compound
7	cable	cable	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 severs	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sever	present	Such action	the brake cable				invariably property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cable=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/25-bicycles-and-other-wheels/e1/