Exam question 4 · Satellites and GPS

Ascertain the means by which a map application detects congestion upon a road.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, the, map application · What happens: ascertain, mean, detect · To what, where: congestion

This is exam question 4 of lesson 38 «Satellites and GPS» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Ascertain	ccomp
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 detects	obl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 application	det
7	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 application	compound
8	application	application	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 detects	nsubj
9	detects	detect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 means	parataxis
10	congestion	congestion	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 detects	obj
11	upon	upon	ADP	_	13 road	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 road	det
13	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 detects	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here			vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	mean	present	the			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	detect	present	a map application	congestion	upon a road	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer congestion=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It infers congestion solely from the time of day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 infers	nsubj
2	infers	infer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	congestion	congestion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 infers	obj
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 infers	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 time	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 infers	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 day	case
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 time	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	infer	present	It	congestion			time	solely property	vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent congestion=Theme

Option 2

It receives reports exclusively from a helicopter that patrols the roads continuously

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 receives	nsubj
2	receives	receive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	reports	report	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 receives	obj
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 receives	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 helicopter	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 helicopter	det
7	helicopter	helicopter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 receives	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 patrols	nsubj
9	patrols	patrol	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 helicopter	acl:relcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 roads	det
11	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 patrols	obj
12	continuously	continuously	ADV	_	2 receives	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	receive	present	It	reports		a helicopter		continuously, exclusively property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent report=Theme from helicopter=Source
2	patrol	present	a helicopter	the roads					vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent road=Location

Option 3

It is notified by text message from the police

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 notified	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 notified	aux:pass
3	notified	notify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 message	case
5	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 message	compound
6	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 notified	obl
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 police	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 police	det
9	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 notified	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	notify speech: other	present · passive	text message	It		the police			vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It observes that numerous telephones upon that road are moving slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 observes	nsubj
2	observes	observe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 moving	mark
4	numerous	numerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 telephones	amod
5	telephones	telephone	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 moving	nsubj
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 road	case
7	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 road	det
8	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 telephones	nmod
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 moving	aux
10	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 observes	advcl
11	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	10 moving	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	observe	present	It						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	move	present · progressive	numerous telephones upon that road					slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/38-satellites-and-gps/e4/