Test 1 · ★★ · Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barge…

«canals are just rivers innit» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: canals, rivers · What happens: be · To what, where: rivers

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 41 «Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 rivers	punct
2	canals	canal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rivers	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rivers	cop
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 rivers	advmod
5	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 right	nsubj
6	innit	innit	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 rivers	advmod
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 rivers	punct
8	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 right	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 right	cop
10	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	canals	rivers				innit property	tree rules
2	is	present	rivers					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A canal is a river that has been frozen solid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 canal	det
2	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 river	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 river	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 river	det
5	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 frozen	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 frozen	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 frozen	aux:pass
9	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 river	acl:relcl
10	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 frozen	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a canal	a river					tree rules
2	freeze	present · perfect · passive		a river				solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result

Option 2

A canal is a river that only flows at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 canal	det
2	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 river	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 river	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 river	det
5	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 flows	nsubj
7	only	only	ADV	_	8 flows	advmod
8	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 river	acl:relcl
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 night	case
10	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a canal	a river					tree rules
2	flow	present	a river				night		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Yes, canals and rivers are exactly the same thing with a different name

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	10 thing	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	canals	canal	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 thing	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 rivers	cc
5	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 canals	conj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 thing	cop
7	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	10 thing	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 thing	det
9	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 thing	amod
10	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	with	with	ADP	_	14 name	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 name	det
13	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 name	amod
14	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 thing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	canals and rivers	the same thing				with a different name; exactly property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A canal is dug by people, while a river is natural

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 canal	det
2	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dug	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dug	aux:pass
4	dug	dig	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 dug	obl:agent
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 natural	punct
8	while	while	SCONJ	_	12 natural	mark
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 river	det
10	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 natural	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 natural	cop
12	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 dug	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig	present · passive	people	a canal					vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	is	present	a river					natural property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/t1/