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Test 3 · Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock

Zoe's dad says, "Midnight is 12 am, noon is 12 pm, don't ask me why." What is a clearer way to say these?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dad, Midnight, noon · What happens: say, be, not ask · To what, where: 12, dad, clearer way, these · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 of lesson 103 «Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Zoe's dad says, "Midnight is 12 am, noon is 12 pm, don't ask me why."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zoe	Zoe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 dad	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Zoe	case
3	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 12	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 12	punct
7	Midnight	Midnight	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 12	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 12	cop
9	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 says	parataxis
10	am	a.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 12	nmod:unmarked
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 12	punct
12	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 12	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 12	cop
14	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 12	conj
15	pm	p.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 12	nmod:unmarked
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 ask	punct
17	do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	19 ask	aux
18	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 ask	advmod
19	ask	ask	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 says	parataxis
20	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 ask	iobj
21	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	19 ask	advmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 ask	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 ask	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Zoe's dad						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present	Midnight	12				am nmod:unmarked	tree rules
3	is a in a quote	present	noon	12				pm nmod:unmarked	tree rules
4	not ask speech: ask in a quote	infinitive · do-support			Zoe's dad = dad				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is a clearer way to say these?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 way	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 way	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 way	det
4	clearer	clear	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 way	amod
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 say	mark
7	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 way	acl
8	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 say	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 way	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a clearer way					tree rules
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		these					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent this=Topic

The options

Option 1

There is no clearer way to say them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 way	det
4	clearer	clear	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 way	amod
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 say	mark
7	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 way	acl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 say	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no clearer way			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive	no clearer way not said here	them = they					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic

Option 2

Say 24 am and 24 pm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	24	24	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Say	obj
3	am	a.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 24	nmod:unmarked
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 24	cc
5	24	24	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 24	conj
6	pm	p.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 24	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	24 am					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent 24=Topic

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Say 12 am for noon and 12 pm for midnight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 am	nummod
3	am	a.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Say	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 noon	case
5	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Say	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 12	cc
7	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 noon	conj
8	pm	p.m.	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 12	nmod:unmarked
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 midnight	case
10	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 noon	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	12 am			noon		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent a.m.=Topic

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Say "midnight" and "noon", or 00:00 and 12:00

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 midnight	punct
3	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Say	obj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 midnight	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 noon	cc
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 noon	punct
7	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 midnight	conj
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 midnight	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 00:00	punct
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 00:00	cc
11	00:00	00:00	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Say	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 12:00	cc
13	12:00	12:00	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 00:00	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	00:00			midnight		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock/t3/