Exam question 1 · Solids, liquids and gases

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a liquid?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: liquid

This is exam question 1 of lesson 11 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 liquid	det
10	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a liquid				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It possesses a fixed volume but assumes the shape of its container

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 volume	det
4	fixed	fixed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 volume	amod
5	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 assumes	cc
7	assumes	assume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 possesses	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shape	det
9	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 assumes	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 container	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 container	nmod:poss
12	container	container	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shape	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	a fixed volume					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot volume=Theme
2	assume	present		the shape of shape's container					vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Theme

Option 2

It possesses a fixed shape but no fixed volume

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 shape	det
4	fixed	fixed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 shape	amod
5	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 volume	cc
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 volume	det
8	fixed	fixed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 volume	amod
9	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shape	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	a fixed shape but no fixed volume					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shape=Theme

Option 3

It possesses neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume, but expands freely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	6 shape	cc:preconj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shape	det
5	fixed	fixed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shape	amod
6	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj
7	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	10 volume	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 volume	det
9	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 volume	amod
10	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shape	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 expands	punct
12	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 expands	cc
13	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 possesses	conj
14	freely	freely	ADV	_	13 expands	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	a fixed shape nor a fixed volume		vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shape=Theme
2	fix	participle				vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	expand	present			freely property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It possesses a fixed shape and a fixed volume

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 shape	det
4	fixed	fixed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 shape	amod
5	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 volume	cc
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 volume	det
8	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 volume	amod
9	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shape	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	a fixed shape and a fixed volume					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shape=Theme
2	fix	participle							vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/e1/