Test 12 · Solids, liquids and gases

Tom says air weighs nothing cos you can't see it. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Tom, air, you · What happens: say, weigh, not see · To what, where: nothing, air · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 of lesson 11 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 weighs	nsubj
4	weighs	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 weighs	obj
6	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	10 see	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 see	nsubj
8	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 see	aux
9	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 see	advmod
10	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 weighs	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 see	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 true	punct
13	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 says	parataxis
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Tom		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	weigh	present	air	nothing	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme nothing=Value
3	not see	can	you	air	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, air has mass and takes up space

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 air	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 takes	cc
7	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 has	conj
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 takes	compound:prt
9	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 takes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	air	mass					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mass=Patient
2	take up	present	air not said here	space					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme

Option 2

Yes, air only weighs something when it's wet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	3 air	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 weighs	nsubj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 weighs	advmod
5	weighs	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 weighs	obj
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 wet	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 wet	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 wet	cop
10	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 weighs	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weigh	present	air	something					vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme something=Value
2	is	present	air					wet property	tree rules

Option 3

Yes, invisible things have no mass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct
3	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 things	amod
4	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 mass	det
7	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	invisible things	no mass					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mass=Patient

Option 4

No, but it only takes up space when it's moving

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 takes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 takes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 takes	cc
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 takes	nsubj
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 takes	advmod
6	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 takes	compound:prt
8	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 takes	obj
9	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 moving	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 moving	nsubj
11	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 moving	aux
12	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 takes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take up	present	it	space					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme
2	move	present · progressive	space						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/t12/