Exam question 4 · The Moon's month and the year round the Sun

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the circumstance whereby the same face of the Moon is perpetually presented to the Earth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, present · To what, where: circumstance, same face, Earth

This is exam question 4 of lesson 119 «The Moon's month and the year round the Sun» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 circumstance	det
10	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	20 presented	advmod
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 face	det
13	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 face	amod
14	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 presented	nsubj:pass
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 Moon	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Moon	det
17	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 face	nmod
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 presented	aux:pass
19	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	_	20 presented	advmod
20	presented	present	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 circumstance	acl:relcl
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 Earth	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Earth	det
23	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 presented	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the circumstance		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	present	present · passive	the same face of the Moon	the Earth	perpetually, whereby property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to earth=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The Moon rotates once in the period of one revolution about the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 rotates	nsubj
3	rotates	rotate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 rotates	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 period	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 period	det
7	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rotates	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 revolution	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 revolution	nummod
10	revolution	revolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 period	nmod
11	about	about	ADP	_	13 Earth	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Earth	det
13	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 revolution	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rotate	present	the Moon			the period of one revolution about the Earth		once property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in period=Location

Option 2

The far side of the Moon is perpetually unlit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 side	det
2	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 side	amod
3	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 unlit	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 Moon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Moon	det
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 side	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 unlit	cop
8	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	_	9 unlit	advmod
9	unlit	unlit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the far side of the Moon					perpetually, unlit property	tree rules

Option 3

The Earth perpetually obstructs all observation of the Moon's far side

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 obstructs	nsubj
3	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	_	4 obstructs	advmod
4	obstructs	obstruct	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 observation	det
6	observation	observation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obstructs	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	12 side	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Moon	det
9	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 side	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 Moon	case
11	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 side	amod
12	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 observation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obstruct	present	the Earth	all observation of the Moon's far side				perpetually property	vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer observation=Eventuality
2	observe			the Moon's far side					nom observation «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The Moon does not rotate at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 rotate	nsubj
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rotate	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 rotate	advmod
5	rotate	rotate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 rotate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not rotate	present · do-support	the Moon			all			vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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