Test 4 · Melting, freezing and boiling

Why do water pipes sometimes burst in a very cold winter?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: water pipes · What happens: do, burst

This is test 4 of lesson 12 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 burst	advcl
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pipes	compound
4	pipes	pipe	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 burst	nsubj
5	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 burst	advmod
6	burst	burst	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	11 winter	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 winter	det
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 cold	advmod
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 winter	amod
11	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 burst	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 burst	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	water pipes not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	burst	present	water pipes				winter	sometimes property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cold pipes shrink and crush the water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pipes	det
2	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pipes	amod
3	pipes	pipe	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 shrink	nsubj
4	shrink	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 crush	cc
6	crush	crush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shrink	conj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 crush	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shrink	present	the cold pipes						vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	crush	present	the cold pipes not said here	the water					vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The water inside freezes and expands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 freezes	nsubj
3	inside	inside	ADP	_	2 water	nmod
4	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 expands	cc
6	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 freezes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	the water						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	expand	present	the water not said here						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Frost outside pushes the pipes inward

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	nsubj
2	outside	outside	ADV	_	1 Frost	advmod
3	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 pipes	det
5	pipes	pipe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pushes	obj
6	inward	inward	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 pushes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	Frost	the pipes				inward property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme

Option 4

Cold water is much heavier than warm water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavier	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 heavier	cop
4	much	much	ADV	_	5 heavier	advmod
5	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavier	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Cold water					than warm water; heavy property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/t4/