Exam question 3 · Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's day in London

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning places situated to the east of an observer.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, establish, situate · To what, where: response, concerning places

This is exam question 3 of lesson 120 «Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's day in London» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concerning	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 places	amod
10	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 facts	conj
11	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 places	acl
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 east	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 east	det
14	east	east	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 situated	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 observer	case
16	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 observer	det
17	observer	observer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 east	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	situate	participle		concerning places not said here	to the east of a observer	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Their clocks are regulated by the phases of the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 clocks	nmod:poss
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 regulated	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 regulated	aux:pass
4	regulated	regulate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 phases	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 phases	det
7	phases	phase	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 regulated	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 Moon	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Moon	det
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 phases	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	regulate	present · passive	the phases of the Moon	Their clocks					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Their clocks are, in general, ahead of those of the observer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 clocks	nmod:poss
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 general	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 general	cop
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 general	punct
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 general	case
6	general	general	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 those	punct
8	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	10 those	advmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 those	case
10	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 general	conj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 observer	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 observer	det
13	observer	observer	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 those	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their clocks					general property	tree rules

Option 3

Their clocks are, in general, behind those of the observer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 clocks	nmod:poss
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 general	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 general	cop
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 general	punct
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 general	case
6	general	general	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 those	punct
8	behind	behind	ADP	_	9 those	case
9	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 general	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 observer	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 observer	det
12	observer	observer	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 those	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Their clocks					general property	tree rules

Option 4

Their clocks invariably coincide with those of the observer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 clocks	nmod:poss
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 coincide	nsubj
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 coincide	advmod
4	coincide	coincide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 those	case
6	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	4 coincide	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 observer	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 observer	det
9	observer	observer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 those	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	coincide	present	Their clocks					with those; invariably property	vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent with that=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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