Test 8 · ★★ · The date line and summer time: clocks going forward and back

Liam's teacher: "A builder came up with summer time." Liam: "Bricks and clocks? Sus." ("Sus" means suspicious.) What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: teacher, Sus · What happens: come up, mean, be

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 121 «The date line and summer time: clocks going forward and back» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Liam's teacher: "A builder came up with summer time."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Liam	Liam	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 teacher	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Liam	case
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	nsubj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 teacher	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
6	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 builder	det
7	builder	builder	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	nsubj
8	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	up	up	ADV	_	8 came	advmod
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 time	case
11	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 time	compound
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up in a quote	past	Liam's teacher				time		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Liam: "Bricks and clocks?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Liam	Liam	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 Bricks	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 Bricks	punct
4	Bricks	brick	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Liam	appos
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 clocks	cc
6	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 Bricks	conj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Liam	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: Sus."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sus	sus	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Sus	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Sus	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 4: ("Sus" means suspicious.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Sus	punct
3	Sus	sus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Sus	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 means	xcomp
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Sus					suspicious property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Sentence 5: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Samoa came up with it in 2011, on the day it skipped a whole Friday

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Samoa	Samoa	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADV	_	2 came	advmod
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 2011	case
7	2011	2011	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 came	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 skipped	punct
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 day	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 day	det
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 skipped	obl
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 skipped	nsubj
13	skipped	skip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 came	conj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 Friday	det
15	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 Friday	amod
16	Friday	Friday	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 skipped	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up	past	Samoa			2011		with it	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 2011=Location
2	skip	past	it				day; friday		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Julius Caesar came up with it in 46 BC, along with the leap year

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Julius	Julius	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 came	nsubj
2	Caesar	Caesar	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Julius	flat
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADV	_	3 came	advmod
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 came	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 46	case
8	46	46	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 came	obl
9	BC	BC	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 46	nmod:unmarked
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 year	punct
11	along	along	ADP	_	15 year	case
12	with	with	ADP	_	15 year	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 year	det
14	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 year	compound
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up	past	Julius			46 BC		with it	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 46=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

William Willett pushed for it in 1907; Britain began it in 1916

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	William	William	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 pushed	nsubj
2	Willett	Willett	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 William	flat
3	pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pushed	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 1907	case
7	1907	1907	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 pushed	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 began	punct
9	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 began	nsubj
10	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 pushed	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 began	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 1916	case
13	1916	1916	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 began	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	past	William			1907		for it	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in 1907=Trajectory
2	begin	past	Britain	it		1916			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Option 4

A builder made the very first clock in 1907 and called it summer time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 builder	det
2	builder	builder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj
3	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 clock	det
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 first	advmod
6	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 clock	amod
7	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 1907	case
9	1907	1907	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 made	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 called	cc
11	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 made	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 called	obj
13	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 time	compound
14	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 called	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	a builder	the first clock		1907			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset clock=Product
2	call	past	a builder not said here	clock					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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