Test 1 · ★ · Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and p…

Leo times a conker on a string: big swing, small swing, same time. His mate: "Nah, big swings take longer, deffo." Who's right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate · What happens: take, be · To what, where: deffo

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 123 «Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Leo times a conker on a string: big swing, small swing, same time.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 times	compound
2	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 conker	det
4	conker	conker	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 times	nmod:unmarked
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 string	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 string	det
7	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 conker	nmod
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 swing	punct
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 swing	amod
10	swing	swing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 times	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 swing	punct
12	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 swing	amod
13	swing	swing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 swing	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 time	punct
15	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 time	amod
16	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 swing	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 times	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: His mate: "Nah, big swings take longer, deffo."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 take	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	2 mate	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 take	punct
5	Nah	nah	INTJ	_	9 take	discourse
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 take	punct
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 swings	amod
8	swings	swing	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 take	nsubj
9	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 take	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 deffo	punct
12	deffo	deffo	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 take	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 take	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	present	His mate	deffo				long property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deffo=Theme

Sentence 3: Who's right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Neither: a conker can't swing steadily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	7 swing	advmod
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Neither	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 conker	det
4	conker	conker	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 swing	nsubj
5	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 swing	aux
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 swing	advmod
7	swing	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	steadily	steadily	ADV	_	7 swing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not swing	can	a conker					neither, steadily property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Leo: Galileo found the swing time stays the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 found	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 Galileo	punct
3	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Leo	conj
4	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
6	swing	swing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 time	compound
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stays	nsubj
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 found	ccomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 same	det
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stays	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past	Leo and Galileo						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	stay	present	the swing time					same property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The mate: small swings take twice as long as big ones do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mate	det
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 take	punct
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 swings	amod
5	swings	swing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 take	nsubj
6	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 mate	acl:relcl
7	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	9 long	advmod
8	as	as	ADV	_	9 long	advmod
9	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 take	advmod
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 do	mark
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ones	amod
12	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 do	nsubj
13	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 take	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	small swings	the mate not said here				long property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mate=Theme
2	do	present	big ones						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The mate: big swings always take longer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mate	det
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 swings	punct
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 swings	amod
5	swings	swing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 take	obl
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 take	advmod
7	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 take	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	the mate	big swings				always, long property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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