Exam question 3 · Sleep and the body clock

Identify the principal reason for which the use of bright screens before sleep delays its onset.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, use · What happens: identify, delay, use · To what, where: principal reason, onset, bright screens

This is exam question 3 of lesson 127 «Sleep and the body clock» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 delays	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 use	det
8	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 delays	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 screens	case
10	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 screens	amod
11	screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 use	nmod
12	before	before	ADP	_	13 sleep	case
13	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 screens	nmod
14	delays	delay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 onset	nmod:poss
16	onset	onset	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 delays	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	delay	present	the use of bright screens before sleep	use's onset	for the principal reason	vn delay-53.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent onset=Source
3	use			bright screens before sleep		nom use «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The light increases the temperature of the bedroom

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 light	det
2	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 increases	nsubj
3	increases	increase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 temperature	det
5	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 increases	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 bedroom	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bedroom	det
8	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 temperature	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	present	the light	the temperature of the bedroom					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer temperature=Patient

Option 2

The screens deplete the body's reserves of energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 screens	det
2	screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 deplete	nsubj
3	deplete	deplete	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 body	det
5	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reserves	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 body	case
7	reserves	reserve	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 deplete	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 energy	case
9	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reserves	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deplete	present	the screens	the body's reserves of energy					vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reserve=Source

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The light diminishes the release of melatonin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 light	det
2	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diminishes	nsubj
3	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 release	det
5	release	release	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diminishes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 melatonin	case
7	melatonin	melatonin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 release	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	diminish	present	the light	the release of melatonin					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer release=Patient

Option 4

The screens emit sounds inaudible to the user

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 screens	det
2	screens	screen	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 emit	nsubj
3	emit	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 emit	obj
5	inaudible	inaudible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 emit	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 user	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 user	det
8	user	user	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 emit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit	present	the screens	sounds				to the user; inaudible property	vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source sound=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/127-sleep-and-the-body-clock/e3/