Exam question 3 · Evaporation and condensation

Identify the principal reason for which perspiration cools the human body.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, perspiration · What happens: identify, cool · To what, where: principal reason, human body

This is exam question 3 of lesson 13 «Evaporation and condensation» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 cools	obl
7	perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cools	nsubj
8	cools	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 body	det
10	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 body	amod
11	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cools	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	cool	present	perspiration	the human body				for the principal reason	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent body=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is itself colder than the surrounding air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 colder	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 colder	cop
3	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 colder	nsubj
4	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	8 air	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 air	det
7	surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 air	amod
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 colder	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					than the surrounding air; cold property	tree rules
2	surround	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Its evaporation removes heat from the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 evaporation	nmod:poss
2	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	nsubj
3	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 skin	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 skin	det
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	present	Its evaporation	heat		the skin			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent heat=Theme from skin=Source
2	evaporate		Its = it						nom evaporation «process transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

It prevents blood from reaching the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 prevents	nsubj
2	prevents	prevent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prevents	obj
4	from	from	SCONJ	_	5 reaching	mark
5	reaching	reach	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 prevents	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 skin	det
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reaching	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	present	It	blood					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer blood=Theme
2	reach	gerund		the skin					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent skin=Theme

Option 4

It reflects the heat of the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reflects	nsubj
2	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 heat	det
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 heat	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	It	the heat of the Sun					tree rules
2	heat		the Sun						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/13-evaporation-condensation/e3/