Exam question 4 · "Everyone has one!": the crowd is not a reason

Which of the following most accurately characterises an opinion gathered exclusively from members of one's own class?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: opinion · What happens: follow, characteris, gather · To what, where: members

This is exam question 4 of lesson 166 «"Everyone has one!": the crowd is not a reason» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 opinion	det
9	opinion	opinion	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gathered	nsubj
10	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 characterises	ccomp
11	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	10 gathered	advmod
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 members	case
13	members	member	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 gathered	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	18 class	case
15	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 class	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 one	case
17	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 class	amod
18	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 members	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present			accurately property	tree rules
3	gather	past	a opinion	members of one's own class	exclusively property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from member=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A fair and representative survey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 survey	det
2	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 survey	amod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 representative	cc
4	representative	representative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fair	conj
5	survey	survey	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A biased sample which cannot settle a comparison

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sample	det
2	biased	biased	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sample	amod
3	sample	sample	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 settle	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 settle	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 settle	advmod
7	settle	settle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 sample	acl:relcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 comparison	det
9	comparison	comparison	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 settle	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not settle	can	a biased sample	a comparison					vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme comparison=Location

Option 3

A scientific measurement of quality

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 measurement	det
2	scientific	scientific	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 measurement	amod
3	measurement	measurement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 quality	case
5	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 measurement	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	measure			quality					nom measurement «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

An independent judgement from outside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 judgement	det
2	independent	independent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 judgement	amod
3	judgement	judgement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 outside	case
5	outside	outside	ADV	_	3 judgement	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/166-everyone-has-one-the-crowd-is-not-a-reason/e4/