Test 9 · ★★ · Bets, dares and silly reasons

Oscar: "You can't invent a debt. That's not a bet, that's a scam." What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: You, That · What happens: not invent, not be, be · To what, where: debt, bet, scam

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 169 «Bets, dares and silly reasons» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Oscar: "You can't invent a debt.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oscar	Oscar	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 invent	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 invent	punct
4	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 invent	nsubj
5	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 invent	aux
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 invent	advmod
7	invent	invent	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Oscar	parataxis
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 debt	det
9	debt	debt	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 invent	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Oscar	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not invent in a quote	can	You	a debt					vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent debt=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: That's not a bet, that's a scam."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 bet	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bet	cop
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 bet	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bet	det
5	bet	bet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 scam	punct
7	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 scam	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 scam	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 scam	det
10	scam	scam	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bet	appos
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 scam	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 scam	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	That	a bet					tree rules
2	is a	present	that	a scam					tree rules

Sentence 3: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Roof dares are fine, as long as you get paid a fiver for doing them

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dares	compound
2	dares	dare	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fine	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fine	cop
4	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 long	punct
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 long	advmod
7	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 fine	advmod
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 paid	mark
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 paid	nsubj:pass
10	get	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 paid	aux:pass
11	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 long	advcl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fiver	det
13	fiver	fiver	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 paid	obj
14	for	for	SCONJ	_	15 doing	mark
15	doing	do	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 fine	advcl
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 doing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Roof dares		fine, long property	tree rules
2	pay	present · passive		you		vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Recipient fiver=Asset
3	do	gerund	Roof dares not said here	dares = dare		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality

Option 2

You must pay if someone dares you

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 pay	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 pay	aux
3	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 dares	mark
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 dares	nsubj
6	dares	dare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pay	advcl
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 dares	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	must	You						vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	dare a condition, not said to happen	present	someone		you				vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient

Option 3

Fivers are only for dares

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fivers	fiver	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dares	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dares	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 dares	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 dares	case
5	dares	dare	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Fivers					for dares	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Nobody owes for a deal they never agreed to

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 owes	nsubj
2	owes	owe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 deal	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 deal	det
5	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 owes	obl
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 agreed	nsubj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 agreed	advmod
8	agreed	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 deal	acl:relcl
9	to	to	PART	_	2 owes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	owe	present	Nobody					for a deal goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for deal=Goal
2	not agree speech: agree	past	they	a deal not said here					vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent deal=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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