Test 6 · ★ · Air and why we need it

Which shows that air takes up space?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: air · What happens: show, take up · To what, where: space · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 17 «Air and why we need it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 air	det
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 takes	nsubj
5	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 shows	ccomp
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 takes	compound:prt
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 takes	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present							vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	take up	present	that air	space					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A stone sinks to the bottom of a pond

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 stone	det
2	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sinks	nsubj
3	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 bottom	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bottom	det
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sinks	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 pond	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 pond	det
9	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bottom	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	a stone					to the bottom of a pond	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Ice melts in a warm room

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	nsubj
2	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 room	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 room	det
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 room	amod
6	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Ice			a warm room			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

A cup fills up when you pour water in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cup	det
2	cup	cup	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fills	nsubj
3	fills	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 fills	compound:prt
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 pour	advmod
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 pour	nsubj
7	pour	pour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fills	advcl
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pour	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	7 pour	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill up	present	a cup						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	pour in	present	you	water					vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A glass pushed upside down into water stays partly dry inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 glass	det
2	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stays	nsubj
3	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 glass	acl
4	upside	upside	ADV	_	3 pushed	advmod
5	down	down	ADV	_	3 pushed	advmod
6	into	into	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushed	obl
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	partly	partly	ADV	_	10 dry	advmod
10	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stays	xcomp
11	inside	inside	ADV	_	8 stays	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push down	participle		a glass not said here		water		down, upside property	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into water=Destination
2	stay	present	a glass					dry, inside property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/17-air-oxygen-carbon-dioxide/t6/