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Exam question 3 · Adverts and "8 out of 10 cats"

It is given that an article was priced at thirty pounds during the preceding month and is presently advertised as "Was £50, now £30". Select the response consistent with the established facts.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, price, precede, advertise, select, establish · To what, where: It, article, thirty pounds, response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 176 «Adverts and "8 out of 10 cats"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that an article was priced at thirty pounds during the preceding month and is presently advertised as "Was £50, now £30".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 priced	mark
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 article	det
6	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 priced	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 priced	aux:pass
8	priced	price	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	at	at	ADP	_	11 pounds	case
10	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 pounds	nummod
11	pounds	pound	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 priced	obl
12	during	during	ADP	_	15 month	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 month	det
14	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 month	amod
15	month	month	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 priced	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 advertised	cc
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 advertised	aux:pass
18	presently	presently	ADV	_	19 advertised	advmod
19	advertised	advertise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	conj
20	as	as	ADP	_	23 £	case
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 £	punct
22	Was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 £	cop
23	£	£	SYM	_	19 advertised	obl
24	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 £	nummod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 £	punct
26	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	27 £	advmod
27	£	£	SYM	_	23 £	conj
28	30	30	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 £	nummod
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 £	punct
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	price	past · passive		a article		thirty pounds	month		vn price-54.4 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Theme at pound=Value
3	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
4	advertise	present · passive						presently property	vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the response consistent with the established facts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The article has been reduced by one half

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 article	det
2	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reduced	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reduced	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 reduced	aux:pass
5	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 half	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 half	nummod
8	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	5 reduced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reduce	present · perfect · passive	one half	the article					vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Patient

Option 2

A genuine reduction of twenty pounds from the usual price has occurred

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 reduction	det
2	genuine	genuine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reduction	amod
3	reduction	reduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 occurred	nsubj:pass
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 pounds	case
5	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 pounds	nummod
6	pounds	pound	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reduction	nmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 price	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 price	det
9	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 price	amod
10	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pounds	nmod
11	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 occurred	aux
12	occurred	occur	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present · perfect · passive		a genuine reduction of twenty pounds from the usual price					tree rules
2	reduce			twenty pounds from the usual price					nom reduction «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The usual price was fifty pounds throughout

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 price	det
2	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 price	amod
3	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pounds	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 pounds	cop
5	fifty	fifty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 pounds	nummod
6	pounds	pound	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	throughout	throughout	PUNCT	_	6 pounds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the usual price	fifty pounds					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No genuine reduction relative to the usual price has occurred

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 relative	det
2	genuine	genuine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 relative	amod
3	reduction	reduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 relative	compound
4	relative	relative	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 occurred	nsubj
5	to	to	ADP	_	8 price	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 price	det
7	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 price	amod
8	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 relative	nmod
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 occurred	aux
10	occurred	occur	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present · perfect	no genuine reduction relative to the usual price						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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