Test 12 · ★★ · Materials and their properties

Leo says a coat keeps u warm cos it makes heat. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leo, coat · What happens: say, keep, make · To what, where: heat · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 18 «Materials and their properties» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 coat	det
4	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 keeps	nsubj
5	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
6	u	u	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 warm	nmod:poss
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 keeps	xcomp
8	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	10 makes	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 makes	nsubj
10	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 keeps	advcl
11	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 makes	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 true	punct
13	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 makes	xcomp
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Leo			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	keep	present	a coat		warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	make	present	coat	heat	true property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material heat=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, wool makes heat when you wear it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 makes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	wool	wool	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 wear	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 wear	nsubj
8	wear	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 makes	advcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 wear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	wool	heat					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product
2	wear	present	you	heat					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2

Yes, coats warm up in the sunshine and keep it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 warm	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	coats	coat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 warm	nsubj
4	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 warm	compound:prt
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sunshine	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sunshine	det
8	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 warm	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 keep	cc
10	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 warm	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 keep	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warm up	present	coats					in the sunshine	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in sunshine=Instrument
2	keep	infinitive	coats not said here	sunshine					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

No, it keeps you warm by keeping out the light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 keeps	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 keeps	nsubj
4	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 keeps	obj
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 keeps	xcomp
7	by	by	SCONJ	_	8 keeping	mark
8	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 keeps	advcl
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 keeping	compound:prt
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 light	det
11	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 keeping	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	it	you				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
2	keep out	gerund		the light					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, it slows the loss of your own body heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 slows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 slows	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 slows	nsubj
4	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 loss	det
6	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slows	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	11 heat	case
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 heat	nmod:poss
9	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 heat	amod
10	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 heat	compound
11	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loss	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slow	present	it	the loss of your own body heat					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent loss=Patient
2	heat		your						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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