Test 7 · ★★ · Sounds right, but is wrong Max: "Heavy stuff falls faster, everyone knows." His friend: "Galileo already did this, about 400 years ago." What happens if you drop a feather and a ball in the classroom?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Heavy stuff, Max, friend, you · What happens: fall, know, do, happen, drop · To what, where: Max, this, feather, classroom
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 183 «Sounds right, but is wrong» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Max: "Heavy stuff falls faster, everyone knows."
nsubj punct punct amod nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct nsubj punct punct root Max PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Heavy ADJ stuff NOUN falls VERB faster ADV , PUNCT everyone PRON knows VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Max Max PROPN Number=Sing 10 knows nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 6 falls punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 6 falls punct 4 Heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 stuff amod 5 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 6 falls nsubj 6 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Max acl:relcl 7 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 6 falls advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 1 Max punct 9 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 10 knows nsubj 10 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 knows punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 10 knows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall in a quote present Heavy stuff Max not said here fast property vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient max=Result 2 know in a quote present Max vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: His friend: "Galileo already did this, about 400 years ago."
nmod:poss nsubj punct punct appos advmod obj punct advmod nummod obl:unmarked advmod punct punct root His PRON friend NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Galileo PROPN already ADV did VERB this PRON , PUNCT about ADV 400 NUM years NOUN ago ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 7 did nsubj 3 : : PUNCT _ 5 Galileo punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 5 Galileo punct 5 Galileo Galileo PROPN Number=Sing 2 friend appos 6 already already ADV _ 7 did advmod 7 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 did obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 ago punct 10 about about ADV _ 11 400 advmod 11 400 400 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 years nummod 12 years year NOUN Number=Plur 13 ago obl:unmarked 13 ago ago ADV _ 7 did advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 did punct 15 " " PUNCT _ 7 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do in a quote past Max's friend this ago property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality
Sentence 3: What happens if you drop a feather and a ball in the classroom?
nsubj mark nsubj advcl det obj cc det conj case det obl punct root What PRON happens VERB if SCONJ you PRON drop VERB a DET feather NOUN and CCONJ a DET ball NOUN in ADP the DET classroom NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 2 happens nsubj 2 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 if if SCONJ _ 5 drop mark 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 drop nsubj 5 drop drop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 happens advcl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 feather det 7 feather feather NOUN Number=Sing 5 drop obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 ball cc 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 ball det 10 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 7 feather conj 11 in in ADP _ 13 classroom case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 classroom det 13 classroom classroom NOUN Number=Sing 5 drop obl 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 happens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 drop a condition, not said to happen present you a feather and a ball the classroom vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent feather=Theme in classroom=Destination
The options Option 1 The feather lands first
det nsubj advmod root The DET feather NOUN lands VERB first ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 feather det 2 feather feather NOUN Number=Sing 3 lands nsubj 3 lands land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 lands advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 land present the feather first property vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 2 The feather falls upwards
det nsubj advmod root The DET feather NOUN falls VERB upwards ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 feather det 2 feather feather NOUN Number=Sing 3 falls nsubj 3 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 upwards upwards ADV _ 3 falls advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present the feather upwards property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer The ball lands first, because air slows the feather a lot
det nsubj advmod punct mark nsubj conj det obj det obl:unmarked root The DET ball NOUN lands VERB first ADV , PUNCT because SCONJ air NOUN slows VERB the DET feather NOUN a DET lot NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ball det 2 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 3 lands nsubj 3 lands land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 lands advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 slows punct 6 because because SCONJ _ 8 slows mark 7 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 slows nsubj 8 slows slow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 lands conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 feather det 10 feather feather NOUN Number=Sing 8 slows obj 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 lot det 12 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 8 slows obl:unmarked
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 land present the ball first property vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 slow present air the feather a lot obl:unmarked vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice They land at exactly the same moment
nsubj case advmod det amod obl root They PRON land VERB at ADP exactly ADV the DET same ADJ moment NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 land nsubj 2 land land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 7 moment case 4 exactly exactly ADV _ 7 moment advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 moment det 6 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 7 moment amod 7 moment moment NOUN Number=Sing 2 land obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 land present They moment vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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